TS Heritans
Affordable Quality for the Timex Computer User
SEPT. NO.8 $2.00
Making MUSIC! with your ZX81/T$ 1000
By Mather White
“Plus* “Musicola” for the 2068 Review by Bill Ferrebee TS-1000/1500 Columns —
ASR- Address FileProgram Bits &Bytes IX-GR Review: 64K &Hi-Res For theNonprogrammer
TS-2068 m hie with the World Altering the Character Set naenenene Te Plot ter” U.S. Postage Paid
Portsmouth, Ohio 45662 PERMIT NO, 151
Is arene
BACK ISSUES OF T-S HORIZONS ARE NOW AVAILABLE Each issue brings you approximately thirty-two pages of usable information, Program listings, product reviews, programming articles, hardware projects, and applications you can use in your home or business. T-S HORIZONS features nationally Known writers like Gordon Young and Paul Hunter. And now you can get the back issues you missed for only $1.50 per issue!
Issue H1 Creating and Saving Files, Uninterruptible Power Supply, Repeat Key Module, Numerical Analysis, and more!
Issue #2 Memory Reduction, Matrix/Cursor Input, User-Friendliness, Graphics Tutorial, Reset Switch Project, and more!!
Issue #2 Animation, Simple Loading Aid Project, File Protection, Differential Equations, Ham Radio, and more!!!
Issue #4 Bank-Suitching for the TS1000-Part 1, Error Recovery, TS2068 Edge Connector Schematics, Converting to T/S BASIC,Simpson’s Rule, more!!!
Issue WS Bank-Switching 11, TS 1000 Machine Code Word Processor, Graphics, Program Tips, and more!!!
TS Herizan
BAK SWITCHED FOR THE TB 1000 Pat 1 Revers To 08K - by Past Hunter rece = ‘eon nacovery ee nt (comveren 70 A nae errors mu
Enclosed is US$ Please send the indicated NAME
‘ ; ns issues of T-S Horizons for
$1.50 each, ADDRESS, $$
Hl 2B CITY ee
—M WS __ 86H? tate aap eee ee A Send to: T-S Horizons, Back Issues, 2002 Summit St., Portsmouth, OH 45662
TS Haritans
Attordable Quality for the Timex Computer User 2002 SUMMIT ST. PORTSMOUTH, OHIO 45662
Table of Contents Graphics BONUS: "Opus" 17
ENTER 4 | ASR-Address Storage and Retrieval 1
By John Marion - for the TS1000/2X81 (16k) Personal Note from Gordon Young
5 Plus improved error checker for "WORM" TS 1000/1500/2X84 Reviews
PLOTTER Program for the TS 2068 6 "ZX-GR" from Minny Electronics 22 4 NEW version of the TS1000 program from 64K and Hi-Res Graphics in one package T-S Horizons #5 - Revised by John Marion “Croaka Crawla"-Frogger for the TS/ZX 23
. "VU-CALC and VU-FILE"-Book review 24 "In Touch with the World" by Bill Ferrebee g
Telecommunications, Westridge, new BBS, etc. Magazine Review-"Computer Trader" 25
MAKING MUSIC WITH THE TS 1000 By M. White 10 TS 206% Reviews Complete sound generation for your TS/2X
r . Sa "Musicola" - Complete Music Tool Kit 26 "Bytes & Bits" by Bill Ferrebee TS Trivia? 14 "VU-3D" - Computer Aided Design 27
Tasword with AERCO I/F, Krakit and more "TS COUNT" - Accounting Package 28 "Football" from Banta 29 "Reviews for the Non-Programmer" (TS 1000) 45 "Voice Chess" from Softsync 29 by A. Gindin - Modems, Keyboards, etc, TS NEWS - New products, etc, 30 ALTERING THE TS 2068 CHARACTER SET 16 by G.Young - Create your own fonts NOTE: Paul Hunter’s "Bank Switching" will
continue in the next issue.
SUBSCRIPTION RATE INCREASE - EFFECTIVE SEPTEMBER 1. Enclosed is $15.00 for a one-year (12-issue) subscription to T-S HORIZONS, ($21 Canada, $25 other foreign.)
Name Address. State Zip
City
Mail form with check or money order to: T-$ Horizons Subscription Dept. 2002 Summit St. Portsmouth, GH 45662
SUBSCRIPTION FORM
ENTER
Dear Reader,
The introduction to T-S Horizons #1 (November 1983) stated that "(in the future] you will find that T-S Horizons will benefit you more than any other magazine for the Sinclair computer, Little did we know that in 1984 that "prophecy" would come true "by default." So far we've seen the demise of Sync, TS User, and | Timex/Sinclair User. Z-West was also cancelled, but fortunately Gordon Young is still actively supporting Timex users with articles in T-S Horizons and Computer Trader. Syntax still has a loyal following despite its low page count and recent price like (now $48 per year),
From the response we have received from issue #7 it appears we are on the right track, I have to agree with those who have called it our best issue to date, and I have to give the credit to the talented writers who have been such a great resource for T-S Horizons,
IS Computing - Bad News
A lot of people would like to get their hands on Mr, Mike Wilson,
To those who subscribed to his "TS Comput- ing" or sent products for review, we offer our sympathy. He published one issue of his newsletter (May) and mailed it to user groups and mail lists he had obtained, offering subscription for $10 per year,
When no subsequent issues appeared and after we had received phone calls from certain parties who had been taken in by Mr. Wilson, we decided to call him. The operator in- formed me that his number (listed in several Places in TS Computing) had been changed to an unlisted number,
I then wrote him a letter and asked him to call me with some explanations. A week later
4
he did call end started telling me how he tried his hardest but that the Timex market was dead, Timex computers were junk, the QL is junk, and a long string of other equal blasphemies. When I told him TSH has 1000 subscribers and is growing daily, he launched into a totally uncalled-for attack on a certain software vendor who had tried to help get "TS Computing" off the ground, believing it to be a legitimate enterprise,
I got no answer when I asked if his subscrib- ers had been refunded their money, He also claimed that someone at the phone company had his phone number changed without hie knowl- edge or request, and that someone was order~ ing T-S-related merchandise and having it shipped to his address and intercepting it from U.P.S. before it got to his house, If any reader has a bone to pick with Wilson his new phone number is 1-212-513-7559 unless its been mysteriously changed again, And tell him T-S Horizons sent you.
Special Request
If you respond to an ad or any review, announcement, or passing comment for any Product or service mentioned in T-S Horizons, Please tell the vendor where you found the information, whether you are ordering the product or just requesting more information, This is an enormous help to us. Recently Jules Gesang, of the Capitol Area T.S. (CATS) User Groups, said they got several orders from T-S Horizons readers, but the only way he knew that was because we had listed the wrong price. None of these people bothered to mention T-S Horizons in their order. (Note: CATS newsletter is available for $12 Per year ~ not $10 - from CATS, P.0.Box 644, Bladenburg, MD 20710)
For I-S Horizons to grow and provide more and better articles, we need a stable advertiser base. These advertisers also need feed back to better invest their advertising budget. Those companies who have stuck with Timex users through thick and thin deserve and need our support. TSH
Ri
If
I>
io i ee
A Personal Note From GORDON YOUNG
Rick,
If its OK with you, I would like you to print this comment in the next issue,
I want to thank all of those who have spent their time calling, writing and showing their interest in software I have -written or articles that have appeared here in TSH, Many have offered suggestions to help me, led me to others who can help with particular needs, and kept me updated with activit In the last month I have notice that you at home are showing more support by speaking up and letting us know you are out there. By ordering items or even just writing, we know you are there and this is the best indicator to base future planning on. There are a few individuals who can create quality software or hardware but, until they get a feeling that a market (however small) exists, they May not bother to create it. Over the next few months I will be exploring the 2068 and share what I learn with you. Your letters and phone calls will help me decide what to touch on,
Gordon Young
4616 North River Road 27 Oceanside, California 92056 (619) 722-2711
Attention User Groups
If you are associated with a Timex/Sinclair user group or if your user group has a Timex special interest group, please let us know. We are currently preparing a listing of user Please give name of group, address, (optional), name of contact person, number of mepber, and information about your newsletter if you have one. (Note: Even if you've sent us this informa- tion before, we would like you to send it in again.)
groups. phone number
NOTE: Warren Tucker of this submission. error checking rout
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In reference to the
S25
"WORM" series, Vallejo, California sent It is an improved M,C, ting.
ETE BENES
CODE OM PROGRAM
(GODE) ADDRESS
2 2X-6 sSTRE K
=A
NoSé TO Nes STEP 2
TAB OAR: TAB BD" 29; tosis so TEBkeK
+2 $20 THEM LET Ag="---
THEN LET Ksk+2 THEN LET AgESTRE K+B
THEN LET O=0+¢3 aba
CODE ENTERED IN i= 2 REM CODES" BYLINE RUMBER.
{B-INT 16514) 76) +2
+ =B TO 17154 STEP 6&
AT 19,0; "LINE "jx T 19,0; PEEK Nj TAB_S; AB 26; PEEK IN+2); TAB VeTee 20; PEEK (N+4) SE aba
O ROUTING TO FIND RESS AND CODE * THEN GOTO sea
THEN LET G=G+7 +1
+ ASSEMBLER tee Bide SSF" SS26
TYPE STARTIN
PLOTTER FOR T-S 2068
In TS-Horizons #5 it was mistakenly reported that Johnson’s and Swartz’s graphics program for the TS1000/2X81 would run on the TS 2068. Below is a version of the original program which will run on the TS 2068. Provided by John Marion,
+8: GO SUB 200
LET ¥=80 X+ (INKEY$="8") - CINKEY Ys¥+ CINKEY$="7") - CINKEY THEN LET Y=175 Ss 100 IF INKEY THEN THEN LET MODE “]1@ IF INKEY$="D" THEN LET MODE 7 THEN copy THEN LS THEN GO To 50 INKEY$="9" THEN GO To 10 INKEY$="5" THEN GO To 70 INKEY$="L" THEN GO To 75 THEN GO TO 1890 OT X,¥: OUER @: P 4a @: PLOT X.¥: OVER 1: P
TO 42 NT AT NT
ieee ee
“240 PRINT 250 PRINT
TO TING OR TO tO): ‘ TO JE USING THE ARR
MOVE ERASE DRAW. copy
epee
ing sh
aS = “r'' TO ENTER
POSITION CURSOR TH YOUR TEXT, IT
36a PRINT
380 PRINT 39@ PRINT .. SCREEN" 480 PRINT .; SCREEN" 405 PRINT SCREEN" 410 PRINT .,; PROGRAM" 420 PRINT ..
430 PRUSE 464 44@ CLS
450 RETURN 58Q@ OVER @:
CLEAR SUIT
LET S10 IF L+2l THEN LET L=21
LET L=21: C=
Seo IF Ls 530 IF
THEN LET L=@ 1_THEN LET C=31
540 IF C<@ THEN LET cC=0 550 PRINT AT. i e S55 FOR Vel T NEXT VU
560 PRINT AT L,C;'
570 LET L =L+{INKEY$="6") - (INKEY ga" 7°5
56@ LET O=0+t(INKEY$="6") -(INKEY g="5") S90 IF THEN GO TO 61 a
600 GO TO 51a
610 PRINT AT L.C;' 62@ INPUT HS
63@ PRINT AT L,C;" 640 60 TO 42
7@O INPUT “SAVE NAME "; 710 IF Ag="" THEN GO TO 72a SAVE A TREENS
“LOAD NAME {EEN S
42 “PLOTTER”
NKEYS="P"
730 GO TO 48 750 INPUT
“SAS |
LINE 10
Some readers had questions about the program
as it originally appeared in T-S Horizons 45. These questions are answered below.
1. Line 55 in the original program says "GOTO 16." Of course there is no line 16 in
the program, but it is an acceptable | instruction. The program merely looks for | the next line number after 16 (20 in this | case) and jumps ahead, No problem.
2. Line 251. "PAUSE 4E4" is a simple way to | tell your computer to stop what it’s doing | and wait. In this case pressing any key on | the Keyboard cases the program to restart.
3. Line 125. For those of you who had trouble reading this line in your copy here it iss"125 IF ¥)43 THEN LET Y=43."
TH [Tr
fa tat vg
[ye GAMES TO Hail nr
David Dubay PO. Box 78
28 Claire Hill Rd. Write or Collinsville, Ct.
ie Suoftmare — ot 8 «* DEATHCHASE $19.95 «+
cog
BUOBET = RINOER Gam
fi) i= STP CLEC
a cos caret ve tear
LEARN BY, INC.
Charles Warner P.O. Box 575
Call Witamsbures Mas aes. ~" 413-268-7505 Gardware
T/S 1500 COMPUTER $75
TIS 2068 Computer $120
vu-3D 16.00 VU-FILE 16.00 CRAZYBUGS 11.00
+ FROGGER by Sega 19.95+ 7/5 2040 PRINTER FLIGHT SIMULATOR 16.00 $75.00
FOR THE Survivors [yer OR TO [IRDER
Mass. &Cono- residents Please Include tax
DEATHCHASE by M2 Estcourt the Stary So Far
manu!
NEVE RELEASES for 18/2068 .
ire CHECK ONE: [] Payment enclosed. 3 MasterCard [) Visa ’ Card No. 7 Exp, Date— — Pi Mr. Mrs. i i ee a) = | Address. le —— 0 father Chart ts Bere= 12.95 (Cay ——_____________ State — 2p — T/S 2068 “EXCLUSIVE RELEASE $19.95
The Official
facturing rights for
"IN TOUCH WITH THE WORLD"
By Bill Ferrebee MOUNTAINEER SOFTWARE
Welcome to this month's column! I have a lot of interesting information for those of you that have already joined the ranks of "T/S Telecommunicators", And for those of you that have yet to get your modem, I think that this column will make you interested enough to make a modem your next purchase,
First, as I promised, I will give you my review of the Westridge 2050 modem. As most of you know, the Westridge is the modem that Timex was supposed to release themselves, However, since Timex dropped out of the personal computer market, and the demand for the modem was high enough, Westridge decided to release it with their name.
The Westridge is a direct-connect, 300-baud modem that is specifically designed for T/S computers, Through the use of the well-known Timex connector, this modem can be attached as easily as a RAM expansion or printer. And because of its "piggyback"! design, other peripherals can be attached behind it.
The Westridge is also compatable with any (1000, 1500, or 2068) T/s computer, The communications software (SMART D provided has the program for the 1000/1500 on one side, and for the 2068 on the other.
Once the modem is attached to the computer, the telephone line is attached to the modem, power is turned on, and the software is loaded, you are ready to TELECOMMUNICATE! The software allows you to use the numeric keys on the computer to dial the number needed to call whatever location you desire (I will de giving you some EXCELLENT T/S-oriented BBSs later in this column),
While you are communicating with someone, you can send your screen to a printer. Also, by leaving the software and your computer running while you are gone, another person
8
can call you and (AUIO-ANSWER) ,
leave you a message
By the time you read this column, Westridge should have their SMART II software avail- able, which will enable you to upload and download information to another T/S computer, More on this subject in the next column,
Overall, I feel that the Westridge 2050 modem is a very well-built, very easy~to-use-modem, and I recommend it to anyone that wants to use their computer to its fullest extent.
For those of you that already have a modem, and want some number to call that are SPECIF-
‘ICALLY geared to T/S computer, this section
is for you!
Yes, Bulletin Board Systems (BBSs for short) DO exist that cater to the T/S user. And the good news is...they're FREE! Except for the Phone call charges, these boards are free, and they run 24 hours, 7 days a week.
The first one is very special to me. Basically because I AM THE SYSOP (SYSTEM OPERATOR) OF THIS BOARD! It is called the "RIVER CITIES SMART BBS" and is located in Sistersville, West Virginia. The telephone number is (304) 652-1416,
The first time you call the board, you will be asked to register for the SIG (Special Interest Group) you want. The board also has SIGs for Atari and IRS-80, but the T/S SIG is the largest of all!
The SIG is actually a "board within a board", Features include:
- A fully-blown message center (you can leave messages to anyone on the board...and receive some, too)
- An Informational Section (You will be able to read this column BEFORE you get your copy
“
of T/S Horizons...along with some product reviews, and a current list of T/S User Groups around the country...send my YOUR Group's information to put in this section)
- The latest news on developments concerning T/S users
- And, once the new SMART II software is available, you will be able to upload and download some programs for both 1000 and 2068 computers !
Again, the telephone number is (304)652-1416, Please give us a call, and leave me a message in care of TIMEX SYSOP!
Another BBS that is geared to T/S users is the ZEBRA SYSTEMS BBS, run by Zebra Systems, Inc. of Woohaven, New York. The number for this board is (212)296-2229, I have called this board quite a few times, and it also has features like a Message Center, listings of user groups, etc, Since it is run by a Mail Order Company for T/S products, it also features a section with merchandise. I feel
Attention Technical Types:
SUM’ is here SUM
*Small User's Math is a compendium of numerical
programs for the small system user by T-S Horizon columnist K.D. Lewis.
It contains
Powerful Algorithms
to handle first and second order differential equations; matrix eigenvalue/vector solution; curve fitting and cubic spline routines; determinants, matrix inversion; Laplace/Poisson equation; the heat or molecular diffusion equation; and
more!
Send your check for $15.00 to:
Box C-6, 767 Hopetown Rd., Chillicothe, Ohio 45601
Order SUM today!
Zebra Systems has a very good board, and is worth your calling.
In next month's column, I hope to bring you a review of the SMART II software for the Westridge modem, along with a review of the BYTE-BACK modem (HINT - HINT BYTE-BACK!!!). Also, I will be giving more information on numbers of interest for T/S users (including some TOLL-FREE number's!).
Please don't hesitate to contact me if you have any questions, comments, or suggestions. You can leave me a message on the RIVER CITIES SHORT BBS (in care of TIMEX SYSOP), or by writing:
Bill Ferrebee
MOUNTAINEER SOFTWARE
115 North 7th Avenue
Paden City, West Virginia 26159
Until next month, HAPPY TELECOMMUNICATING!
TSH —_—. f q@ 3 « 3 28 @ Ager g2 os 3 a Aey Ba OES Oh W Qo 24 e a) | 8 oe S& ay) Qo 2 As DEG = we TESS o°9 8 3 EW pen 830% dd Gk. a bec B oo goes og = gQz Ba * pies ae = B08 o8 go 38 cars ~ 35 9
Making Music With The ZX81
By Mather White RD 1, Box 151A Rome, PA 18837
Although the 2X81 (IS-1000) does not have a SOUND command included in its BASIC lan- guage, it is possible to make sound with it, and this article tells how.
The sound generated by this program is available at the MIC jack for recording with your cassette recorder, amplifying with a mini amplifier, or monitoring with an earphone. It can also be heard over your TV by turning up the volume,
The programming steps exactly as shown below.
should be followed
1 PRINT 9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,
2999,
Now press the EDIT key, change the line number to a 2, ENTER, EDIT, change to a 3,
and so on, up to 7, so that you have seven lines exactly like line 1.
Now enter:
adIFIEGS aaiaaaess
Bord 1a
After the program runs, enter this:
10 SAVE , CLEAR
"MUSIC"
Now put the computer in the FAST mode if you haven't already, enter a driver program of your choice, get the tape ready to record, and GOTO 10, The driver Program will run _ immediately after SAVEing.
DRIVER 1(Mini Organ).
This program plays different notes when only key (except shift, BREAK, and ENTER) is pressed, When you press a key, the program waits until you stop pressing it, and then plays it until a new key is pressed,
FOR F PRINT
LET Ag=""
GOTO 2a The program now asks for values for each key (0-255). I would suggest that the period (.) get a 225, since it is the last useable key on the keyboard, the 1 key a 7, and the other keys staggered in between these. A formula you might want to use would be:
6*(10*(row key is on-1)+key in row)
If you do use this formula, the values will |
be spread over a range of 1 to 234, For example, using this, the 1 key would get a 1, and the period key would get a 234,
After entering the values, enter this: 20 PORE 155869,cope As ttNOT 16568) SeobE INKEY $-25)
3@ POKE 16572,PEEK 16569 40 *" THEN GOTO 428 3) 6a
SR
IF_INKEY $< GoTo 2a
Starts SAVEing program
DRIVER 2(mathematically generated waveforms),
This driver lets you input a mathematical formula of your choice, which is used to form the tones, It also plots the waveform into the screen, Press the Y key to hear a waveform again or the break key to end the program,
mly
is jram then
key () key ther mula
will For
D=C+C/12*tone(2)=513H for D above middle C
ua
In this formula, the notes are numbered from $ to 11, like this: C=O C#=1 D=2 Bell
Suny
To play a note or notes, POKE the length ; byte, then the tone byte for up to 256 notes
a.
- into memory starting at 16593, Then poke a 195 zero byte into the next byte of memory after 17? & the last note, and RAND USR 16541 in the FAST
a mode. 130 POR 13a PORK 200 POR If you know the frequency of a note you want eile eo to play, to find the number to POKE into
Here are some sample formulas:
ABS INT(254-91.5*LN(I+1) ) 127-INT(127*COS(1+1) )
ABS (61-INT(190*COS(1/40,155))) ABSINT(288-34*SQR(I+1))
If you want to do some formulas of your own, here is a program that displays the values generated from a formula, so that you can check for the proper range (0-255).
IRMULAT" 1,4) To e254
TRS VAL IS
PRINT AS NEXT I The whole field will not fit on the screen at once, so you will have to use CONT to see the second part.
|
Using these routines in your own programs
If you want to use these routines in your own
programs, you should know some facts about music, 1. The frequency of middle C is 440 Hz
(cycles per second).
2, If the frequency of a note is doubled or halved, the note changes by an octave. 3, There are twelve semitiones, or half
tones, in an octave.
The width of each semitone depends on what octave it is on. If we wanted to find the frequency of D:
memory, use this formula: POKE value= (3,250,000/frequency~24)188
So, using this formula, the value for middle C is 83.6(84).
When you know what the POKE value for a note is, and how long H should last, use this formula to find what the length byte should be:
length byte=seconds*203,125 POKE value*88+24
For example, for a middle C note to last second, the length byte would be 6.8(7).
Operating Theory
1. Tone Generator Routine Before entry to this routine, registers should be set to:
the
BelFH Exoutput half cycle
C=input half cycle HL=number of cycles
The input half cycle is the black part on the TV screen, while the output half cycle is the white part. The routine automatically ends if any key is pressed (if you don't want it to be interrupted by the keyboard, let B=$).
The total of C +E determines the tone, but it sounds somewhat different, if C=20 and E=80 than if C=80 and E=20. The length of the tone in seconds (assuming no key is pressed) is:
11
12
HL*[44%(C+E)+24] 3,250,000(processor speed is 3,25MHz)
If a value is @ it is treated as a 256, Register D is used as the delay counter in both parts of each cycle. The IN A,(FEH) instruction serves to turn off output, read the keyboard, and read the EARjack, which is in bit 7 (not used in this program).
2, Digital Playback Routine
Before entering this routine, the data should be stored in memory, first the length byte, and then the tone byte. A zero byte marks the end of data. Formulas for determining the tone and length bytes were given earlier,
The routine first checks to see if the end of data has been reached, and if not, the tone is put in registers C and E, the length byte is multiplied by 16, and the tone generator
routine (which actually makes the sound) is called, This routine returns to BASIC if any key has been preased.
3. Note Player Routine
The note player plays a tone which has been POKED into memory until any key is pressed. 4, Clear Buffer Routine
This routine can be called any time you want to clear the buffer, Use:
PRINT USR 16579 Conclusion These programs will be useful for anyone
learning machine language, synthesizing music, or writing game programs,
TONE GENERATOR 3.0
26 BYTES BEFORE A CALL: AFTER THE CALL: BelFH C#listening time AF,D, and HZ are used,
Beplaying time HL@length of tone
flags: Z if the end of tone has been reached NZ if a key has been pressed.
object code label mnemonic comments 51 tone LD D,C 3 D=input half cycle AF listen XOR A 3 Amp DBFE IN A, (FEH) sturn off output and get Ad AND B keyboard input BS cP B smask tape bits and return co RET NZ if any key is pressed 15 DEC D sdecrement counter 20F7 JR NZ, listen stepeat until end of cycle 53 LD D,E 3D=output half cycle AF play XORA shad D3FF OUT (FFH), A 3turn on output AF XOR A 3am AF XOR A Co RET NZ sno return 15 DEC D jdecrement counter . 20FFZ JR NZ,play and repeat 23 DEC HL sdecrement cycle counter 7c LD A,H BS OR L jsHL=G? 20F7 JR NZ, tone co BET
2600
cDs8x
28EB
objec 01001 1£00
D834 28FB c9
objec 21D14
11D24 01000 3600 EDBO co
DIGITAL PLAYBACK 3.0
FILLS THE BUFFER WITH ZEROS
27.BYTES THE UNINTERRUPTABLE DATA FORMAT: LENGTH/16, TONE... ROWER SOURCE Mi TIS 1000, object code label mnemonic comments Progr sie bid in moe pices you 21D140 begin LD HL, data area ; 4OD1H Sones na baton baci 061F LD B,1FH Protects against brownouts, blackouts, > and multiple power interruptions 7E next LD A, (HL) slength data . ual Plug in to operate, no internal con: nections a7 AND A sreturn if end of data * Manual & batteries included * For only $24.95 cs RET 2 Tsao ease A. 23 INC HE TO ORDER: SEND CHECK OR MONEY 4E LD C, (HL) stone data ORDER TO: 23 INC HZ 4 & ES PUSH HZ save data pointer OTIS OBSERVATORY 59 LD E,C 3E=tone “A Universe of Technology" 6F LD L,A 3L=length/16. 1710 16th Ave. SE 2600 LD H,¢ Aberdeen, SD 57401 29 ADD HL,HL smultiply by 16 29 ADD HL,HL 29 ADD HL,HL 29 ADD HL,HL CD8340 CALL tone ;play note 88 El POP HZ sretrieve pointer “3 28EB JR Z,next 3continue unless any fe E cg RET key is pressed (@) 3 as a len 3 Zz iit NOTE PLAYER 3.0 art 11 BYTES fe) rae PLAYS A NOTE UNTIL ANY KEY PRESSED = 3 2 RES object code label mnemonic comments Bos 01001F note LD BC,IF nnH 3C=input half cycle Se g 1£00 LD E, nn sE=output half cycle — z < 5 CD8340 go CALL tone 3play the note > & a8 28FB JR Z,g0 return if any key = by os co RET pressed QO ro 75) 5 < Os CLEAR BUFFER 14 BYTES ray
object code mnemonic comments
210140 LD HZ,40D1H jbeginning of buffer 11D240 LD DE,40D2H 3second byte of buffer 010002 LD BC,0200H ;clear all 513 bytes 3600 LD (HL) ,@
EDBO LDIR 3f£111 buffer with zeros c9 > RET
TSH
BITS & BYTES
By Bill Ferrebee MOUNTAINEER SOFTWARE
I plan to use this periodic feature to keep you informed on miscellaneous subjects that are of interest to T/S users, but do not warrant a full column by themselves. (IN OTHER WORDS: T/S Trivia!)
- Did you know that "TASWORD TWO", the excellent Word Processor program can now be used with an AERCO Parallel Printer Inter- face?
I recently spoke with Ray Payne of KNIGHTED COMPUTERS, and he told me that Gary Ward had modified his copy of the program, and that the TASWORD/AERCO combination did INDEED work,
Here is how it's done:
1) LOAD "TASWORD TWO" as normal.
2) Press STOP and enter "b'' to go into
Basic,
3) DIRECTLY input the following POKE
values:
POKE 57578, 32 " §7579,12 " 57999,127 " 58000,230 " 58001,19 "58002, 254 " 58003,1 " 58004,32 " §8005,-8 "58006, 242 "58007, 211 " 58008,127 " — 58009,0 " 58010, 219 " 58011,127 "58012, 201
4) Enter RUN to rerun the program.
5) Press STOP again and enter "t"' to SAVE ‘the new version,
6) Save the new version to tape.
7) Verify the new copy as normal.
8) Use this new copy with your AERCO
Interface, 14
(Note: As of this writing, I am waiting for my Olivetti Ink-Jet printer to arrive. So, I am giving you the above information on the word of Ray and Gary.)
- Has anyone solved any of the 12 clues in KRAKIT 712? I contacted GLADSTONE ELECTRON- ICS, the marketing agent for the program, and as of yet they haven't received a completed entry. If you have any of the 12 clues solved, send them to me at:
MOUNTAINEER SOFTWARE
115 North 7th Avenue
Paden City, WV 26159
I will keep your answers confidential, and if I can collect all 12 answers, I will submit them, and equally share the prize money. (It would be nice to make them pay up!)
- Be on the lookout for a possible announce- ment concerning a Timex/Sinclair Conven- tion...possibly sometime next Spring...the idea has been brought up, and a small group is planning to meet soon to work on the project. Drop me a line if you have any suggestions,
- I am very interested in hearing from all of the T/S user groups in the U.S. (and Canada), If you publish a newsletter, please put me on your mailing list, and send me any back issues you can, I plan to compile as com- plete a list as possible of all T/S user groups to print in a future issue of T1/S Horizons. I also want to keep a file with the newsletters so we can share ideas with each other,
Well, that's it for now. If you have any interesting information you want to share, or if you just want to write, please do. My address is above.
Until next time, keep usin’ that T/S and ENJOYINI!! TSH
or
REVIEWS FOR THE NON PROGRAMMER
By A. Gindin
- First, a follow-up on power supplies. If you want one that will power your monitor, write to Tom Woods, Box 64, Jefferson, NH 03583. %In his latest issue of Pro/file update ($9.95/year) he shows how to build a power supply which uses a 12V car battery. If you add an inverter (DC to AC) for the monitor you should be free of power line problems forever!
- Next, telecommunications. I also have a Byte Back Modem which I built form a kit. I added sockets for the IC's and an extra-long line to the telephone jack, It worked perfectly first time! The software loads easily and is compatible with the Z-XLR8 fast load program. I also have read that the serial port is not "standard" and must be connected with care. There are lists of BBS's in Computer Shopper ($15.00/year) Box F, Titusville, Florida 32781 and a publica- tion Hooking In, Computerfood Press, ($13.95 + $2.00 postage) Box 608R, Oracle, Arizona 85623, which is supposed to print updates (mine haven't arrived yet).
- The next hardware item will make your 2X-T/S look like a real computer: a new keyboard, While a number have been on the market, I restricted my research to those with a separate number keypad and finally bought the EZ Key 60 ($84.95) Suite 75A, 711 Southern Artery, Quincy, MA 02169, with the larger case ($30.00). They charge $4.00 each for shipping even though both come in the same box! In addition to goo 2 looks the keys have definite feel (click). There are separate keys for ; "™' " stop, edit . ¢ Delete, 2 shift keys and a full space bar. The case holds the board (leave out the top cover of the computer) screwed to the base with holes for all the inputs and 2 holes for joystick plugs, if you wish to add them. The
case doesn't permit easy attachment of add-ons on the back and I recommend an extension cable.
- Another, untested by me, keyboard has recently came on the market from K2 Electron- ics Design, 3990 Varsity Dr., Ann Arbor, Michigan 48104. It looks about the same and has some extra keys, a power light, a joystick connector and a cassette Signal filter, all for $89.00 plus shipping includ- ing the case. The big difference is a 64K memory for an additional $50.00. (No, they say the 64K won't work without the KRADLE Keyboard). Also available are connections and cards for 16 line of I/O and R $-232 capability. (No prices given), TSH
ALTERING THE T-S 2068 CHARACTERSET_ -
One of the easiest alterations a TS2068 user can make on the machine is new character sets. Initially, the ROM uses the character table it was "born" with. Unless you tell it otherwise, it will do so forever. If there did exist another set, and you POKEd a couple of addresses, you could be printing in another font! In the 1000, a similar table also exists, but you can not alter the printing address, Likewise, you can not alter the characters (without altering the contents in the TS1000 ROM). address of the character set pointer is tn the TS 1000 ROM and on the 2068 you will find it in RAM (where you can easily modify it).
What this special address points to is the first address of the character grid table. The grid is 8 bytes long giving each charac- ter a grid of 8 bits wide/8 bytes long. Study figure 1 where you see the first byte of 8 bits at the top. The second byte follows below and so on. It produces a grid of 64 bits. The first byte is usually a line of nothing. This produces a spacing between lines of characters on the screen. The last line or byte is reserved for the tails of lower case text. In the same Manner, a column of spaces is provided to the left and right of the character itself to give spacing between sequentidl characters on the screen, You may notice that an even smaller grid of 36 blocks are used to produce all upper case letters. The difficult part of changing to a new character set is to determine the real value of each byte (each grid line of the character block). In creating your own set you will be left with the chore of physically drawing out each character on grid paper and decoding each byte to a decimal value you can POKE into RAM, Since each character is 8 bytes long and there “976543 21 are over'100 character,
you have at least 800
bytes to store for a
complete character! set,
FIG. 1
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16
Put simply, the |
Gordon Young
After drawing out each character, decode each line by the following method. Each byté of the grid (each line) represents a binary (base 2) number. The left most bit repre- sents 128 in decimal. The following bit is
128/2 or 64, The next is 64/2 or 32 and so one. Value placement is such:
bit 8 = 128 (left most column)
bit 7 = 64
bit 6 = 32
bit 5 = 16
bit4=8
bit4=4
bit 2=2
bit l=1
From figure 1 you can see that line 4 of the grid has columns 7, 4, 3 and 2 filled with black boxes. The value of that byte can be determined by adding the values of those columns together. In this case column 7 has a value of 64, Column 4 is 8, column 3 is 4 and column 2 is 2, Added up this is 64+ 8 + 4 + 2= 78, You will have to determine the values of each line (byte) of each character.
The portion of the character table for the letter "G" would be: 0/126/64/78/66/66/126, These would be sequential bytes beginning at some address, Naturally, when building your own character table, you would begin POKEing these grid values at some starting address that begins with a space and is followed by the punctuation set, number, upper case, symbols, and finally the lower case. It is quite a chore to enter all these character grid values, but it will give you an entirely different font. To let the computer know about this set, you will have to change the contents of address 23606 and 23607. If the beginning address of your table begins at 40,256 then POKE 23607 with (40256-256)/256 or 156. A remainder of 64 is left and this is POKEd into address 23606. If your charac- ter set is correct and you POKEd the right numbers into 23606/23607, everything printed onto the screen or even the TS 2040 printer will be in the new character font! While it all sounds kinda difficult, you can experi-
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ment. You might first move the entire table from ROM into RAM somewhere and then change the values in address 23606/24607 to point to the character table address in RAM. Although if successfully done, no change in characters will occur. However, you can alter each character one by one and see how each font is altered, All you have really done is move the table into RAM where you can now alter|’ each character. The table in ROM can not be changed so this moving of the internal table is a must.
To illustrate how each character is made, enter and RUN the BASIC program in figure 2, Each letter and symbol of the ROM table is Q printed in the large format onto the screen, This little program will also print the
dd f the ch e oie starting address of the character printed, 312 DATA 2,2 @,1,2 Each character is printed bit by bit to] 32@ DATA 161.1: 1,99, 553 Sash illustrate the grid pattern. a aee aes 252,252,252 88 SEFE 26°12: 2at8: 10 LET y=15624 5,3 32,3 35 SELe"*T 20 7. ener 27 PRINT AT 20,0; 4 422 DATA 2, 131,69 39 LET x=Peek y 432 DATA 25 2,252, Q IF x<428 Ti o To 7 2,243,244 Be Cer sccaza.™ 6 7? 7° $82 BATA 32 eis 78 Te IF x <64 phen ‘to 190 e028 DATA 88 2,365, 3 X=X-6: 58 BRINT ATs, 22 DATA 409 If x<92 TH yes oe To 13a Pi aa A XSx-3 5 $88 BENT BT AAPL. ase arte cee 3 x <16 ¢ 215,25 150 PRINT tal 1" 688 DATA : iso Te xs THEN GO TO 130 41282 PRINT & x rr te Nopera 7 is MNOP QRST ABCD © R : 138 gra THEA SG 4; 220 are to be typed in the GRAPHI 200 LET x=x-4 i mode, 219 PRINT AT 1,13; “s 220 TF x <2 THEN GO To 250
LET x=x-2 PRINT AT n,14; "mI IF_x<i1 THEN GO TO 288
i r
LET mame. 236 IF m=i5 THEN GO TO 330 237 LET y=yel 383 GO TO 3a 330 PAUSE 120 340 cee ysugel
LS. $88 60 To as FIG.2
Next month I will chat about the TS 2068 display. Unlike the TS 1000, it is much more difficult to print characters onto the screen. In it, I will provide a machine language routine to SCROLL the screen. This sounds easy, but it takes a lot more than on the 1000!!
TSH
2X81,T/S1000 16K
ASR
an Address Storage and Retrieval Program for the 2X81/TS1000, 16K
Is your little black book getting so full that you can't find the address you are looking for? Do you dread addressing all those envelopes to send out Christmas cards? Using ASR not only makes it easier to do these tasks and others, but it can save you time in the process,
ASR will hold up to 100 names, addresses and phone numbers, It will search by last name, city, state or by the zip code. It will list all addresses it finds on the screen or, if you have one, on your printer.
GETTING STARTED
I, ENTERING AN ADDRESS
After typing in and running ASR, the main menu will be presented, The first option is to add another address, By entering 1, you will be in the entry mode. You must give the first name or initial, then the last name, The street and box number must be entered next, Next is the city or town, then the State. Now the zip code must be entered and finally, the Phone number. NOTE: with no phone number just press return. You will now be asked, "IS THIS OK", if it is not » enter "N" and you will be allowed to reenter. I£ everything is correct, just press return. Last of all you will be asked if you wish to enter another address, If you do just enter
a "Y" or else press return and the main menu will return,
Il, LISTING NERC
When in the lis ing: ode, the first address will appear on the ‘screen. To see the next one, press the "8" and it will flip to the next address. To return to a previous address press the "5", At any time, you can ~send an address to the printer by pressing
"2". To quit and return to the main menu, press "'Q",
18
III, SEARCH
As I stated before, there are several differ- ent ways to search. When searching by name, only the last name must be entered. The rest is self explanatory. NOTE: unless the printer is set, all addresses will print on the screen. To use the printer in a search, it must first be set. When setting, you will be given a choice of three printer option, Choose one of the three. When searching, every address found under that search will be sent to the printer, Every time you go from the main menu to the search routine, the printer must be reset to use.
IV. PRINTER
The printer mode is used to print out the entire list of addresses. ‘There are three formats of which you can choose,
(1) LIST ALL 3 will list name address and phone number.
(2) NAME AND ADDRESS 3 will list only name and address.
(3) NAME AND NUMBER 3 will
list only name and phone number,
Choose one and enter it's number and the printer will begin to list. At any time you can break out of the printer process by pressing "Q", When finished printing, you
can return to the main menu by entering a myn,
V. CHANGE
When an address must be changed or updated, you can do this by entering the change mode, but first you must know the number of the address you want to change. To do this, first you must get in the list mode and flip to the desired address, then find the number. Second return to the menu and third enter the change mode, now enter your number, The
addi and Ente wise rett you the
VI.
Wher will ac rest ing
VII. When
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memory, nor the addresses, but if you wish to continue, DO NOT use clear or run, for if you do all addresses will be lost. To restart, if the program stops, just enter "GOTO 100", and you will now be at the main menu.
address you want to change will be displayed and you will be asked if it is the one. Enter a "Y" if you wish to change it; other- wise enter "N" and the main menu, will return. If you enter a "Y" for you decision, | you will be in the entry mode. Just enter
| the new address as before. This concludes the instructions to ASR, I
fer- | bie wish you luck with the program, and I hope it mace | VI. SAVE is of great use to you. the | When you use the save, all your addresses is will be saved along with ASR. After loading NOTE: Due to the length of ASR, I am making aah a copy of ASR with address saved, it will @vailable copies on cassette. The cost is seh, vill restart on it's own, with all addresses now 55-00 per cassette. Also I would like to me in memory. hear any of your comments or suggestions. In, . VII. STOP SEND TO: JOHN MARION aon When stopping, ASR will not be cleared from HC 63 BOK 650 4, GREENUP, KY 41144 é - aS Prva aa (2) SEARCH NAME (2) LIST Ce) SER cur CEEy ENTIRE LISTING 5 (3) SEARCH STAT! the (3) SEARCH piensa E NAME+ADDRESS ree (4) PRINTER NAME+NUMBER (5) CHANGE (5) SET PRINTER MAIN MENU (6) SAVE (6) PRINTER OFF (7 aay (7) ouIT ) MAIN MENU PRESS /0/ TO STOP PRINTING THE PRINTER IS Bt ill 250 INPUT AS 457 INPUT X$(EN, TO VAL ". #0; FAST tual wzag) eee ad BE C.t" OR ASD GO 458 PRINT AT UAL “9” UAL ai 29 Din Leiual “490° IF AS="4" THEN GOTO VAL "40 460 PRINT AT VAL "5", VAL x iL NTER Ti . 43 red Beivee R IF AS="2" THEN GOTO VAL "10 ee ea ERRSUAL g| UT A gs Ler ERRSURL TF AS="3" THEN GOTO VAL “20 471 LET Ts TEN) =as 3 fer Eeyeun. Soo or "4" THEN GOTO VAL “a0 NSAE) LET BSCEN.VAL "9" acHRS (LE the ge LET ENsuaL 2° 310 IF As="5" THEN GoTO UAL “So vB Babt -gpgn"S UAL "15" THEN Gos you 95 LET 320 IF AS="6" THEN GOTO VAL “90 L*“a6g" eR nal OEM Ber OUR 100 REM 20" 475 PRINT AT VAL "10", UAL by ie2 Ler a ogn? IF AS="7" THEN GoTo VAL “9s 5 ea vaL . you ce 259 22 ell Sete evn so a Cosme Wal e 483 FAST 490 INPUT ‘a . 420 PGR aval 2" TO. 20 $98 LET EN=EN+UAL "1" 491 LET Ss(EN) sas a Eee i 428 CLS oe val “ae jog yiSB CET BS(EN,UAL 4") =cHRS (LE | 18 NEXT X a0 vat Pee NTERING ADDRESS NUNBE us tsa2” .EEN.ASUAL "10" THEN Gos | CURRENTLY, a vENS” NAHES il ae Lieggh ERR=vAL "1" THEN GoTo vA id, | i352 4 NTER FIRST AND LAST NAME 495 PRINT AT YAL "10" UAL “740 5 i ODE BS{EN, VAL "3" “3 S$ (EN) le, : 2 nee SEEN EOBy UPS's UALS! ve P va 432 INPUT As $10 INPUT ZS(EN, TO Vv che | PRINT AT VAL Weis ve gat. “Bee AS>VAL "20" THEN GOS ede) PRINT aT vad 3 2 baL Ss 1) ADD" “ae a Te GRSSSERT AT UAL -7~sumL avin (HBZQpt ERRSwRL “a” THEN coro un “288 ener ar yal “s~.um. ‘ nou 44@ GOTO VAL “700” $3@ INP! t JAL iS or seanaN AT VAL "9",VAL Perret BS (EN VAL 3 CHRS (LE Wid BRENT 8F GRL 25" aL iT. Pare ot a - 74" (EN) h peek eaNeaae VAL "11",VAL “9"; 452 LET Bsi een 2") sCHRS (LE 5B PRINT AT VAL "S",UAL che SDS BANU ATC UAL 845° UAL. # NAS ((xsUAL To.)) S_THIS CORRECT?” tie (eRe oRRENE AT, 13", VAL (Ae PRINT AT vAL?s*) van iFS $60 INPUT As, Bloc Seer cast vtme “arse AO SOABNT AT SO, 8 Je cancovoe ren, nerve, . x > "a" +0aAL * $75 IF _C$="CHANGE" THEN RETUR eogeny TeURe AT URL °8" Mag carr ar uate sun, vans" nether aentogee See TTR 245 slow ENTER STREET AND BOX NO.” 530 INPUT As
"G08 O°
Word PrROSSsSS0R
FOR YOUR 1000-1500 COMPUTER
—-MACHINE CODE FAST
-TAB/ RETURN
—USER DEFINED COLUMN WIDTH
~TEXT COUNTER
—UPPER/ LOWER CASE OPTION
~ EDIT & MUCH MORE ! $8 FOR T-SH SUBSCRIBERS
G. Young 4616 N. River Road, #27 Oceunside, CA 92056
Lbbbetb ttt CCE | LEARN HOW TO MAKE MONEY AT HOWE WITH
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Articles on MOST Home Compute: 5 : ARA HAM Radio, hardware & software revi NO RISI'GU NIEE
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(690 IF AS="Y" THEN GoTO VAL “4@ 2220 INPUT AS 913@ LPRINT F$(x);AT 2, "S10 coro AL "100" 3235 Fon x VAL "2" TO EN prea ie re) vaio saensie | Sao For xtuay #325 Len as |2828 TF OSELS(X, TO (CODE Bs ix,u tides Meindl
228 IF AS(X)=" * THEN GOTO VAL [AL "2"))) THI OSUB 2806 OR Ys="2" THEN [dee 2250 NEXT x AT 3, (CODE BS(Xy3)) TF” 720 NEXT x 2260 GOTO 2600 738 GOSUB VAL “seo” 2308 CLS {748 GOTO VAL "428" |231@ PRINT AT VAL “2e",VAL "9"; "
758 L (EN CTO (xe! “a /ENTER_¢: pepG@ LET FS(EN) SAS ( TO (xX-UAL SES ae ean on? LET LS(EN) sAg((xX+UAL ("4") 7 |g26 FAST.
29 Gor 2320 Trasereix, ro" Gc5 e 5 270 GOTO YAL "442" | I = £ BS(x,U 3186 IF CPy=0 THEN 302 REN ae eo eye GTEN 6osuB 2&6 $485 oF RSSUAL 8" BND INKEY$="9 B wig * NG 2 810 PRINT AT 16,6;"SYNTAX ERR.. 3360 GOTO 2600 g19@ IF POSURE” THEN GOTO 400 "815 sLou 2410 PRINT AT VAL “10",UAL “9 3195 IF INKEY$="0" 820 FOR T=VAL "1" TO vAL "io" [ENTER STATE" 37 SNRELSEN AS THEN GaTOLGe7 830 NEXT I [2420 INPUT As 3200 NEXT x 84@ PRINT AT VAL “18",VAL "6";"/2425 FAST 3218 GOTO 3000 " 2430 FOR X=VAL "4" TO _EN 4000 CLS 865 FAST 2440 IF Ags: TO (CODE BS(x,U 4010 NEXT x 850 RETUI AL "45090 Ti TO 2800 4020 GOTO 1008 REM Seem 2450 NEXT x 4508 REM 1005 IF e} " THEN GOTO VAL|2489 GOTO VAL “26e0" = 1010 °cLs 2510 PRINT AT VAL “10",VAL ” tose CET x=vaL ENTER ZIP_cODE” 1025 CET X=X+(INKEY§$="8") ~(INKEY| 2520 INPUT AS eee at 2525 Fast S000 eH meas 1026 IF X=VAL "O" THEN LET x=uAL|2590 FOR xX=vAL TO EN 5ee5 FAST brig 2540 IF A$=Z$(X) THEN GOTO 2600 5010 CLS #227 apgh>EN THEN Ler ween UEBEE MD og BER SUARER"ToYSE CRaxbw 2" "= NOES” ioag cls 2600 REH | $40 INPUT c CHANGER
AL "8", VAL "7"; ]262@ CLS 5Q@50 IF CcVAL "4" Dera ota HO “SO )VAL "75a 2 ENT AT VAL “2e",VAL "aa"; Oro agg “one “4” OR CEN THEN G 183 VAL “en, UAL “75 FH ot aT VAL “48", UAL P 6", VAL "75
INT genie 1040 PRINT AT VAL yer Yeh, "Zetec PRESS ANY KEY TO RETURN TO MENU "8", UAL "75 Fg
ODE BS(X,VAL "2")+UAL AbSO0 2640 PAUSE VAL "4 (C) 4950 PRINT AT VAL "9", UAL S38; Xs Bt] geo 2000 OBE Be TaN) on) ee ae SVAL "7" 460 v4) $4); 1060 PRINT AT VAL “20",VAL “7";7 2605 IF PS=VAL "@” THEN GOTO 919 S950 PRIT AT Oe UAL 2s xg lore print AT yAL“10",vAL "8", VAL "7"; S199 PRINT AT VAL "10", UAL “7")7 (ORE Bax .o)15" $00) i ee 10) Hose PRINT AT VAL *ii" SAL “7 vaAL VAL "7"5F$ $140 PRINT AT VAL "10" UAL “7"4( $00 () CODE Bac oi": S816) fixe PRINT AT UaL “42% URL “7"se ABBOADRINT OT URL Ua URL, “7e4ce BIgS BRINESAT UAL HEE bm ops, z iTS fe Unkevsesz THEN coro 120 1%) Beait"ar Ont “#8 ae ike B50 ERENT AT UAL ae Gals 207 F @ 2850 PRINT AT VAL “t0",vAL “7";7 $190 pRINT AT UAL “SH YAL “ous eT 1120 IF INKEY#="0" THEN GOTO VAL $(X) S,THIS THE ONE TO BE CHANGED?’ eng "190" 2862 PRINT aT YAL Fae cyRL "7+ 5158 INPUT AS eo IF KI La GOTO 11. hat War 5. Le 7 > 1138 serdigea" HEN GOTO 1110 2878 BRINf AT VAL HEE a, 7 iz S88 ts . tie HEN GOTO 100 28 cl L “en u Ble ter face“? 288 PRINT AT VAL “42",UAL "7";p Sige CET &| 4220 GOSUB 3150 $ (x) 5190 LET Cs="CHANGi 4290 LET CpysvAL "1" 2698 SLOW i 5195 PRINT AT 1,1; ‘tea0 2900. 20" ,UAL "5"; " S200 GOSUB 412 2 THEN COPY 5220 LET Ce= S HEN GOTO 2910 5259 GoTo “20",VAL "7 8 AND XsEN THEN 9880 REM
VAL "tas; 6 "3" “UHEN
VAL SAT VAL "48", UAL
PRESS 707 TO STOP PRINTING 330e as3 PRINT AT UAL *
2 9260 PRINT AT VAL ise0 (4) MEIN MENU
3070 INPUT Ys
VAL 13",VAL "
“ "9", UAL “29%; " PRESS RETURN" as, UBL 2 NT AT VAL "20", VAL "21"; 1) i SPRINT AT VAL “29" retye INKEY$<>CHR& 118 THEN GO 2040 PRINT AT VAL "7", UAL *¢ PRESS ANY KEY TO CONT. nat 2). SEARCH CITY" 2978 PAUSE 10 9068 CLS ‘% = B05@_ PRINT AT VAL "9", UAL 3" ¢ 2975 CLS 9870 SAVE “Asm” 9) SEARCH STATE" 2980 ae 9868 GOTO 190 2060 PRINT AT VAL “11",UAL "@";" 3008 REM 9500 CLS (4) SEARCH ZIP" 9910 FAST iee tence TSH y R070 PRINT AT,VAL "13", UAL be AT VAL "5", VAL "9"; -@ if 072 PRINT AT VAL "13",UAL “8”; AT VAL "7", UAL fH (8) SET PRINTER" 2) ENTIRE LISTING" | i, O7S PRINT AT VAL "15", UAL "6";" $040 PRINT AT UAL "9", UAL i — (8) PRINTER OFF" 2) NAME+ADDRESS" =” CALCULATOR, SIX LINMKKD tes Rave PRINT AT VAL “a7",UVAL “e";" 3045 PRINT AT YAL "2a", VAL CCRPOMENT PROGRAMS: re (7) MAIN MENU" {3) NAHE +NUMBER 1) CALCULATCA rah 9050 IF PS=@ THEN GoTo 3070 2) NePACTORTAL 08! 3051 PRINT AT VAL "is", UAL "8"; © 3) ACCOUNTING /staTistics Ee THEN GOlsq52 PRINT _AT_UAL "27", UAL “2, 4) RUNNING BALANCE
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SAVE AND CONTINUE LATER 10 MEYCRIES, 10+10 CONSTANTS(USING EXCHANGE) FULLY DCCUFENTEO-13 PAGES-CLRARLY WRITTEN
THEN Goto 290, 3878 IF PS=0 AND vse"4" THEN GOT Chad THEN SOTO Vabe “18 9074 IF Ys>"4" OR Y$c"4" THEN GO En Moin i obvtie-rAst oa iva 2080 i 16 Fi RES.+70¢ 8.14) CK. or M.0, Te: iG 208 ELS. (Q@75 IF PS=VAL "oO" THEN RETURN BERNARD 'V, GERBER——-TINEXSA SOPTWARE
10 PRINT AT VAL * »VAL "8"5" 13980 IF Yg="4" THEN GOTO 100 INTER LAST NAME" 3128 FOR X=VAL "1" TO EN
3707 OCWNEY DALE OR, /RANDALLSTOAN MD. /21133,
TS- 1000
Hardware Review By: John Marion ITEM: ZX-GR 64K RAM FROM: MINNY ELECTRONICS INC. 7332 DOUGLAS DRIVE BROOKLYN PARK, MN 55443 PRICE: $149.95 + 5.95 Shipping
Although great looks aren't a feature of the ZX-GR, the unit is well-built and stable. I had no problems with wobble as I did with the Timex 16K RAM pack. The edge connector is attached to the unit by way of a 3 inch ribbon cable which adds to the Stability of the unit.
Actually, like all "64K" RAM packs, the ZX-GR is only 56k, 48 of which is useable for basic Programming. The other 8k is located in the unused 8-16k block of menory, which can be used for machine language programming or data tables. When using the ZX-GR with another hardware unit which requires the 8-16K block of memory, you must flip the switch on the front of the unit to the left. I£ you wish to use this block of memory, make sure the switch is in the correct position,
To get the full use of available memory, you must move RAM TOP to its highest position. You should do this when you first power up the computer, with the following commands:
POKE 16388,255 POKE 16389,255 NEW
REVIEWS
1X 81
This sets RAM TOP to 65535,
The manual which comes with the ZX-GR is a brief 10 page leaflet which not only covers the unit but also the hi-res graphics program which comes with the ZX-GR. The graphics Program to say the least is fantastic, All the Hi-resolution comes from the software, the only hardware being the extra memory, which is essential for it to work, When the graphics program is loaded, it will self-start, The demo program draws such things as a pie chart, a graph, and a three dimensional-looking funnel, all of which can
“Also we understand that this is the only 64k
be printed on the Timex printer by pressing the "Z" key and return while the demo program is running. The program has 5 main screens and 14 sprites. A Sprite is a 32 x 32-pixel figure which can be created by the user and moved all about the screen, It can merge two of the 5 main screens to form one. Also, I must mention the drawing routines included, such as circle drawing, line drawing, and even rectangle drawing, all of which are very fast. Another added feature is the ability to save individually any of the five screens on tape and load them back at will. After watching the demo program you can create your own pictures on one of the 5 screens, Pictures are drawn by moving the cursor, which leaves a thin line behind it, around with the unshifted arrow keys, Angle lines can also be drawn with the R, T, Y, U keys. One of the most fascinating things you can do is to scroll a drawing up the screen by pressing the "B" key, When the picture reaches the top of the screen it wraps around to the bottom, The same is true when drawing a line into the side of the screen; it will wrap around to the other side of the screen.
Over all the unit and program perform well and can make a great addition to your comput~ er, Although the price of the ZX-GR is somewhat higher than other 64k RAM packs, the added graphics program may justify the price.
RAM pack available that can be used with the TS 1500.
One last note: purchase of a fast load program to cut down on the long loading times. Be sure to get one that is relocatable, so you can move it into the 8 to 16k block of memory. TSH
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CROAKA CRAWLA
Software Review By Doug Gangi Croaka-Crawla Manufacturer: Quicksilva
Croaka Crawla is not just another "FROGGER" imitation . This is THE best I've seen. It is fast, and the graphics are very good. It is also very difficult. I have not yet been able to reach the 3rd level. The 6-7-8-9 keys are used (I don't know why. It sure is a weird combination), and the response is very quick. The cars look like cars (not just little blips or bleeps like on other FROGGER imitations), and the water is differ- ent from the street. There are diving turtles, alligators, and flies, They are hard to recognize (the flies and alligators), but are thoroughly explained in the program. The play is all on one screen, not two like the Timex version of FROGGER. There are also on screen scoring and the bonus points. ‘The frog could have been done a little better (he is a "$" and the female frog is a "+",) Overall, the game is well done and is very fun to play. The auto-repeat on each direc- tion is very helpful (it is not bullet fast like on other games; it's a nice medium speed),
So if you like SEGA'S FROG then I'm sure
you'll like Croaka-Crawla, TSH
TS 1000
BOOK REVIEW (AND APPLICATION) By: Bill Ferrebee Mountaineer Software 115 N. 7th Avenue Paden City, WV 26159 (304) 337-8502
"VU-CALC and VU-FILE" Robert B.V. Masters Robert J. Brady Company Bowie, MD 20715
167 Pages $17.95
One of the best business-oriented programs available for Timex/Sinclair computers is VU-CALC, a spreadsheet program by Timex.
Spreadsheets can be utilized in two ways: 1) as a calculation tool, to keep rows and columns of accounting-like figures organized; and 2) as a forecasting tool, to see the results of making changes to those figures ("What If..."),
The one drawback with VU-CALC is the Sparceness of documentation provided with the Program. A foldout sheet is included in the cassette box, but it does not explain the Program's functions in a clear manner. VU-CALC TEMPLATE 1 PAYROLL REPORT
But, a new book has been published that will take one through a Step-by-step tour of both WU-CALC and VU-FILE (or "The Organizer"), Timex's database program,
In "VU-CALC and VU-FILE", Robert Masters give clear explanations of every command available for both programs, He also Provides examples of actual applications that can be used almost immediately,
Masters provides the user with ways of
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periods for 1 calendar year. 15th & end of each month), W/H) each period, instructions listed on the right. each cell that has a "x" in it.
This spreadsheet is designed to keep individual & year-to-date payrol This program is based on 2) pay periods (on the with 3 deductions (Federal W/H, F.I.C.A., & State When entering Formula@ in Columns 12 - 17, follow the Make sure that you have at least a "2" in
ate 7) Press (G)et again [eT X| | 8) Prese (C)hange laze] Y] _| 9) Re-enter the formule
exactly as noted in Step 6| 10) Press (R)elative : (R)ow to row "2"
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customizing the Programs, and reveals little-known tips to help fully utilize them, Worksheet templates are even included for the two programs, so the user can xerox them, and Preplan the layout of their applications.
Utilizing techniques shown in this book I have designed a Payroll Report that anyone that gets paid bi-monthly can use. And through some simple changes, it can be modified to fit any payroll system
Even though I only did an in-depth review of the VU-CALC portion of the book, I would highly recommend it to anyone that wants to get the most out of either program. You'll be amazed at what you can do! TSH
MAGAZINE REVIEW "Computer Trader Magazine"
By Daniel Richardson
In the three and a half years that Chet Lambert has been publishing the Computer Trader (now Computer Trader Magazine), it has Sonefrom a single sheet for people wanting to buy, sell, or trade used equipment, to a 100-page magazine with glossy paper and a considerable amount of advertising. As soon as you look at it, it's clear that CIM is not published by McGraw-Hill or Wayne Green, The cover design and interior layout is generally sloppy (even compared to T-S Horizons), But that's really part of the magazine's charm.
Beginning each issue with "Chet's Computer Chats," several paragraphs of casual comments and announcements to his readers, CIM is largely a monthly collection of columns by contributers on a variety of computer-related subjects. Each column has a name (like PET FLEA BYTES, The Commodore Kid, TS PLUS, etc.) and generally features a picture of the author's smiling face. The relaxed, conver- sational style gives the magazine a "homey" feel you don't get from Byte or Computer _& Electronics.
These columns cover a wide range of computers (including Atari, Apple, Commodore, and others, plus some ham radio articles) but has always had 4 to 6 Timex-related articles per
issue. Chet claims that CIM is "the largest of the magazines now supporting the Timex-Sinclair computers,"
The authors Tange from marginally talented to capable and very informative., My personal favorite is Oscar Sensabaugh, to whom I usually turn first. His column "Computin' in the Country" is as likely to start out talking about the author's grandchildren or his navy days as about Timex computers, He writes with a "southern accent," flawed grammer and spelling (I assume, on purpose) , and is always good for a few giggles. A recent column starts out "Like I done men- tioned onct or three times, I got me one of them Timex 2068's..." When he finally gets down to "talkin! turkey" it's clear that the author is knowledgeable and a competent. writer.
Unfortunately, Oscar's column usually con- tains the only Timex reviews in the publication. It's the only thing close to a new product section. Also there are fewer Timex-related ads in CIM than in T-S Hori- zons.
Another regular is Gordon Young who is also known for his former publication Z-West and for his excellent work in the page of T-§ Horizons. His column in CIM is TS Plus. The content varies but features machine code and BASIC programming articles of the quality he is known for.
Some of the other writers seem to be good, Gary Hearn recently wrote a nice introduction to 2X81/TS1000 machine code and a lengthy Byte-Back modem review,
Another recent article by James Oram, de- scribes the construction of a PROM Burner for the TS1000,
All in all computer trader magazine is a nice publication with a variety of articles, and a good place to find used equipment. $12/12 monthly issues ($25 Mex., Can. $2.50 Sample) 1704 Sam Drive, Birmingham, AL 35235, TSH
25
TS-2068 REVIEWS
"MUSICOLA" (A Complete Music Tool) By Bill Ferrebee
PROGRAM NAME: Musicola
AUTHOR: T.A, David
TYPE: Educational /Entertainment
MACHINE: T/S 2068 (Printer Optional)
PRICE: $24.95
AVAILABLE FROM: T.E.J, Computer Products 859 North Virgil Avenue Los Angeles, CA 90029
T guess you might as well call me a "Bill of all trades", I have experience in program- ming, in advertising, in writing (as I hope this review is an example), and in marketing,
But my first vocation is music. I am within
one semester of completing a degree in Music,
Education at West Virginia University. I do a lot of arranging and composing for various musical groups; from music for two trombones to arrangements for the 300-member W.V.U, Mountaineer Marching Band.
It was a wish I had to be able to combine my love to write music, and to use my T/S 2068 in doing so, I knew that it could be done on other personal computers, notably with the MUSIC CONSTRUCTION SET by Electronic Arts for the Commodore 64,
But now there is a music composition program for the T/S 2068. MUSICOLA by Cannan Soft- ware enables you to use your 2068 to compose your own melodies, and to play song that you already know and love. It plays in three-part harmony (using the three-voice sound chip in the 2068), and if you have a printer, it can actually print the music out on a musical staff!
Enclosed with the program is an Instruction Sheet. The documentation is the one weak point of the package. It is a general
overview of some very sophisticated software. I found this same fault with the documenta- tion for VU-CALC and VU-FILE, Robert Masters solved the problem with a more detailed book on VU-CALC and VU-FILE.
The program, when loaded, has a demonstration medley of a Bach invention and an Irish jig. This helps to demonstrate the capabilities of MUSICOLA, and it is a very nice piece of music,
Whether you favor rock, county, classical, or jazz, MUSICOLA can play "your kind of music",
The general descriptions of the program's features are very good. This program has three voices available (1 melody - 2 harmony) and a range of over three octaves. Since it is for the 48K 2068, a composition can be very lengthy, All compositions can be edited, and can be saved to tape for later use,
An idea I had would be for Canaan to release first a more detailed manual for MUSICOLA (with perhaps a Quick Reference card showing which keys correspond with which notes on the staff), and then perhaps a series of tapes with songs already Programmed for use (some- thing like "The Best of Michael Jackson for the 2068"!),
Overall, I was very impressed with the Capabilities of MUSICOLA, and if more de- tailed documentation would become available, there would be no way to top it! The program itself is very well laid out, and my compli- ments go to the author.
In short, if you would like to learn more about music, or would just like to play some of your "favorites" on your 2068, MUSICOLA is for you!
TSH
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wW-3 D 2068 Software Review
By Doug Gangi
Although VU-3D is billed as a business pro- gram, many of you will have fun with tinkering around and showing off the program to your friends. This program sure shows off the stuff a TS 2068 can do!
VWU-3D is a program that allows you to draw and view figures in a 3 dimensional perspec- tive. The graphics are excellent, and the 3-D is so real! In normal viewing mode, no hidden lines are taken out, but if you get into picture mode, you can: take out the hidden lines (the computer does it all at the touch of a button!), copy your picture to the printer, shade the picture from 8 different directions, and magnify and reduce the
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picture. The format of the program is excellent, and you really don't need many instructions to operate the Program. Drawing your picture is as easy as 1-2-3! All you do, is draw the picture on the screen (the flat face of the figure) and then give it depth by Pressing the 'N' key, The prdgram comes with a demo wine glass shaped figure (as seen in the picture; the cube I drew myself),
Included in the program is the ability to Save the figure you have drawn, or load another one from cassette. So if you draw a great picture you would like to keep, you can! You can also choose the border, paper, and ink colors on the screen.
VU-3D is an overall excellent program. I think anyone with a Timex-Sinclair 2068
should have one just to see the capabilities of the powerful machine.
TSH
REVIEW: By Bill Ferrebee
PROGRAM NAME: 1/S COUNT
AUTHOR: Jim Payne
TYPE: Business (Accounting)
MACHINE: T/S 2068 (Printer Optional, but very useful)
PRICE: $29,95
AVAILABLE FROM: PHEONIX ENTERPRISES
1780 N Dupont Highway, No,17
Dover, Delaware 19901
IT am currently finishing up a degree in Data Processing at our local community college, and about two months ago I was checking my required classes list. Oh no! It can't bel You mean I STILL have to take Accounting 1?7!? "There MUST be some mistake...I don't need to learn,..if I want my degree I do, huh? Oh, well, I might as well get it over with now!"
So, I signed up for Accounting I in summer school, The class was 4 days a week, but it only lasted for 6 weeks,
About a week after I Started the class (and believe it or not, I was ACTUALLY understand- ing it!), I received a Package from Jim Payne at PHEONIX ENTERPRISES, It was a program called T/S COUNT, I couldn't believe it! It was a complete ACCOUNTING PACKAGE for the T/S
2068! What timing! Well, after examining the very nice folder-type packaging, I opened up the
Package to find a cassette tape and Instruc- tion Manual. Also included is a registration card that must be Sent back, For a 90-day period, PHEONIX will replace any damaged tape for $7.50,
Upon loading the Program, a very colorful cover sheet appears with the company's logo, A nice use of the SCREENS technique,
The next thing to appear on the screen is the MAIN MENU and this menu shows to me that Jim has attempted to make T/S COUNT as "user-friendly" as possible. There are 13 different choices on the Main Menu, numbered from 00 to 12, I¢ you attempt to input any other number or letters, the input routine
rejects your choice, and returns you to the Main Menu again,
Now since I'm taking that Accounting class, and this is an Accounting program...I thought I could "kill two birds with on stone! by CHECKING my homework assignments with 1/S COUNT. (Now you don't think that I would use this chance to actually do my homework with it! WANNA BET?!?)
By carefully reading the Instruction Manual provided, and knowing a few simple Accounting Principles (Debits/Credits, Categories of accounts, etc.), T/S COUNT can be used to keep the accounting records for any small business or household,
T/S COUNT is complete with a General Journal and General Ledger. Once the accounts have all been entered, I/S COUNT can generate a chart of accounts, a Trial Balance, a copy of the General Ledger, and an Income Statement, All temporary accounts are closed at the end of the accounting Period, and all of the information can be saved to tape for future reference, or later updating. Jim recommends that you use a printer to keep hard copy of the completed Statements, and I agree.
To sum up opinion on T/S COUNT, I feel that
Jim has done an excellent job translating the |
enormous task of basic accounting to the Personal computer medium. If you have your own small business or would like to keep your household accounts Straight, I highly recom- mend T/S COUNT. It is a well developed Program, and can save anyone hours of time in the accounting cycle,
TSH
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GAME REVIEW By Tex Faucette
"FOOTBALL"
Copyright 1982
By. BANTA SOFTWARE 8088 Highwood Way Orangeville, California 95662
If this one confuses you, take a look at the copyright date. One may deduce that the Program (for the 2068) is an "upgrade" from the TS-1000 version, While an upgrade to a newer machine is certainly permissible, and often very desirable, BANTA loses points on this one for failing to upgrade the documen- tation, Said documentation indicates that considerable talent was utilized (two Statis- ticians, one combo statistician-mathematician and one combo mathematician-programmer! !) in creating the game, which is guaranteed to run on the "Sinclair ZX800 (777), ZX 81, and T/S 1000", The only concession to the 2068 is.a hand lettered statement that to load, "FOOTBALL" must be all capital letters,
Nevertheless, the game does run with good color on the 2068, Motion, bells, and whistles are minimal, but a dedicated foot- ball fan can no doubt enjoy the play, either against the computer, a friend, or left hand
against right hand,
“On the display, and above the playing field,
the standard statistics are displayed along with options for the next play (including "punt" - for the undecided). The current position on the playing field is indicated by ‘a ball which moves to the position resulting from each play, Statistics are updated at the same time.
I repeat that I have no prejudices concerning upgraded programs. I do feel that in this case more effort and imagination should have been expended on the upgrade in terms of graphics and documentation. TSH
VOICE CHESS 2068 Software Review
By Doug Gangi
Voice Chess is a chess program for the TS 2068 that actually talks to ryou! All speech comes through the speaker. The manufacturer of Voice Chess is Softsync, and they should get a pat on the back, They finally added the necessary touch to chess. I don't know how many of you out there can't stand to sit in front of a computer and ply chess for an hour or so. Voice Chess is the first and only chess game I can sit down to and actual- ly enjoy it the whole game through, ‘The voice really does add reality to the game,
Some of the things the computer says are quite smart-alecky, like: "Oh, I'm Scared", and other witty comments. A quite surprising feature of Voice Chess is the ability to guess your next move. If the computer is right, after you move it will say "I expected that!", which can be quite freaky. When I first played Voice Chess, I was scared by that. I though there must be a man inside the computer. The computer tells you if you made an invalid move, if he has check, and tells you the moves, whether he made them or you did (I call it a "he" because he has a man's voice),
The voice is actually made by the BEEP command. You will find this out if you debug the program. You could Probably add your own Phrases if you get sick of the computers sometimes witty comments.
The graphics of the Program are very good, Each piece is drawn out, and the movement is also very quick. The computer actually only takes 3 seconds to decide on it's move, but it takes it about another 15 to learn how to say it (this is on level one of course, I still haven't beaten it yet!),
For the $24.95 I paid for the game, I say that I got $35 worth out of it. If you hate all the current computer chess games you've played, this one is going to turn you around. TSH 29
ATTENTION USER GROUPS: We are currently compiting a list of Timex/Sinclair user groups for publication in a future issue of T-S Horizons, Send information about your group to us at 2002 Summit St., Portsmouth, OH 45662, Even if you’ve done so in the past Please sutmit this information so we’l! have the most Complete, and up-to-date list possible,
ITEM: VIEWord. A word processor for the TS 2068 for use with the Timex printer or AERCO
interface, One-character commands - easily memorized. Complete text editing. Embedded printer commands, Advanced print formatting.
350 é4~character lines or 703-32 Character lines. $25 or send SASE for more information to Jim Clatfelter, 646 Corwin Av., Glendale, CA 91206,
ITEM: TS 2068 Mailing list program from MOUNTAINEER SOFTWARE. Store up to 255 names, addresses and phone numbers, in this user-friendly, menu-driven program, SEARCH and SORT for easy updating. For more information write to Mountaineer Software, H1S.N. 7th St., Paden City, WW 26159,
ITEM: According to their latest catalog, BNF Enterprises has 2000 working 2X81s in stock (apparently without Pover supply, video switch or cables) for $18.88 each or six for
$89.88 (not including shipping). Alsc they have Keyboards that can be hard-wired to your TS1000/2X81. To order call BNF at
617-531-5774, 8-5 EST, 9-3 Sat. ITEM: New addresses for vendors, ~ Stock Market Software 3434 Warburton Av.#19, SantaClara CA 60137 ~ ROMPAK, 1525 Aviation Blud, Suite A-111, Redondo Beach CA 90278 ~ E. Arthur Brown 3404 Pawnee Dr., Alexandria MN 56308 ~ Semper Software 585 Glen Ellyn Place, Glen Ellyn IL 60137
ITEM: DAK Industries is selling the Gorilla/ Banana printer for $129 plus $8 shipping, 30
T:S NEWS
Elsewhere it sells for about $199 discounted. This dot-matrix printer is tractor-fed, prints 80 columns wide at 50 characters per second. Call 1-800-325-0600 or write 8200 Remmet Av., Canoga Park, CA 91304,
ITEM: TS1000 to Atari 2600 VCS Interface, Available from Huron Valley Research, POBox 732, Highland, MI 48031, for $125.00 + $5.00 Postage and handling. Allows you to down- load. Atari ROM games into your Ts/2Xx, disassemble the games machine code, vary the game (or create a new one) and upload back into the 2600 to play the edited game,
ITEM: E, Arthur Brown is offering the
following books, imported from England,
Machine Code for the ZX Spectrum Learn how
successful routines are written, tested, and used. $24,95
The Working Spectrum A library of practical subroutines, this book explains advanced Programming skills with a collection of data Storage, graphics, and educational applica- tions. $24.95
Spectrum Music A musicians guide to writing and playing music with the 2X Spectrum, Programs cover music and sound effects, synchronized graphics, and more. $24.95 Inside the Sinclair QL A guide to how it works, what goes on inside the Quantum Leap. Practical and helpful programs illustrate and explain the innermost workings $24.95 Developing Applications for the QL This book explains how the QL software Package applies to a host of business and personal applica- tions. $28.95
Practical Software for the QL A library of
working routines. $24.95
Assembly Language Programming-QL An intro-
duction to machine code, this book explains
how the QL uses its 68000 processor. $28,95 From E.A. Brown Company
3404 Pawnee Drive
Alexandria, MN 56308 TSH
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| |
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