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Southern California Academy of Sciences

LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA

Vou. XLIV

CONTENTS

FOSSIL ARTHROPODS OF CALIFORNIA, by W. Dwight Pierce 5a, A Crystallized Millipede from Volcanic Rock in a Well = = 6. Two New Fossils from the Upper Miocene of the Puente Hills 7. A Fossil Whiptail Scorpion from Cabrillo Beach = - - 8. A Case of Pleistocene Myiasis from the La Brea Pits = =

on 0 eH

CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE LOS ANGELES MUSEUM— CHANNEL ISLANDS BIOLOGICAL SURVEY: 29. Robber Flies. J. Wilcox and C. H. Martin = = - = 10

THE HABITAT OF CALIFORNIA CONE-NOSED BUGS: Sherwin F, Wood - ~ - = = = = - SER

NOTES ON THE EARLY STAGES OF NEMORIA DELICATARIA DYAR (Lepidoptera): John A, Comstock = = = = - 20

NOTES ON PACIFIC COAST MARINE ALGAE, E. Yale Dawson

THE ACTEOCINA OF SALTON SINK, COLORADO DESERT, — CALIFORNIA, G, Willett - - - = - = = = mE S28

Issued June 1, 1945

NEW YORK BOT ANICAL GARDEN

x

Na83s Vol. 44-5 lQus~HG

Southern California - Academy of Sciences

OFFICERS and DIRECTORS

Dr. W. Dwicut Priercr- we ee we | at sale CA President - First Vice-President

De.-H J. ANDREWSMes) se a Se Dr. WinLiAM L. Ltoyp - - + = - - - Second Vice-President Dr. Joun A. CoMSTOCE. OF an a cm Bc, Secretary and Treasurer

Dr. H. J. ANDREWS Dr. WILLIAM L., Lioyp

Dr. A. WiER BELL Mr. THEODORE PAYNE

Dr. Joon A. Comstook Dr. W. DwicuHt Pimror

Mr. SAMUEL Moopy HASKINS Dr. Ropert L. RUTHERFORD

Dr. Howarp R. HILt Dr. CHESTER STOCK

Mr. R. S. WocLum

ADVISORY BOARD

Mr. Frep E. BurLEw Dr. R. H. Swirt Mr. A. YoRK HScALANTE Dr. SHERWIN F. Woop

BOTANICAL SECTION Mr. THEODORE PAYNE, Chairman SECTION OF HHALTH AND SANITATION Dr. H. J. ANDREWS, Chairman SECTION OF ZOOLOGICAL SCIENCES Dr. A. Wize BELL, Chairman

SECTION OF CHEMICAL SCIENCES Dr. Harry J. DEVEL JR., Chairman

SECTION OF EARTH SCIENCES Dr. CHESTER STOCK, Chairman SECTION OF PHYSICAL SCIENCES Dr. PRESTON K. Carr, Chairman SECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES Mr. RUSSELL S. WoGLuM, Chairman SECTION OF JUNIOR SCIENCE Deg. WILLIAM L. LioyD, Chairman ARCHEOLOGICAL SECTION Dr. R. H. Swirt, Chairman FINANCE COMMITTEE Mr. FRep E. BurgLew, Chairman Mr. SAMUEL Moopy HASKINS Dr. Joun A. Comstock PROGRAM COMMITTEE Dr. Ropert L. RUTHERFORD, Chairman Dr. Howarp R. Hitt HOSPITALITY COMMITTEE Miss BargBaRa Loomis, Chairman

COMMITTEE ON PUBLICATION

Dr. JoHNn A. Comstock, Chairman Dr. CHESTER STOCK Dr. WittiaAM L. LLoyp

OFFICE OF THE ACADEMY Los Angeles County Museum, Exposition Park, Los Angeles 7, Calif.

Southern California Academy of Sciences VATE Tela O)455

Bulletin,

VoLUME 44 - - - = = = 5 2

FOSSIL ARTHROPODS OF CALIFORNIA

W. DwicHT PIERCE

jc ol Ab LIZED MILEIPEDE, FROM VOLCANIC ROCKIN A WHEL (Cont:)

(PLATE 1)

Continuing the article in vol: 43, part 1, p. 18, it was decided to publish Mr. Peter Marry’s excellent photograph of the crystal- lized millipede found at the depth of 900 ft. in a well at Oxnard, California and to dedicate it to its finder, General Carl F. A. Last. It will therefore bear the name Parajulus lasti n. sp., and is re- corded in the Los Angeles Museum under Accession No. A 3104, and in the Paleontology collection as S 9002.

Although critical characters are not visible this species dif- fers as follows from other American species in its size and seg-

mentation:

ae Distribution | amen et | Leneth | wieen lasti n. sp. Fossil in Calif. 65 or 66 38 2.0 ectenes Boilman North Carolina 67 46 54 1.6-1.8 ~ pennsylvanicus x * b. (Brandt) Eastern U.S.A. He) o G5) 20 38 1.5-2 canadensis (Newport) Canada, N.E.U.S. 56 - 57 18 25 Silas rugosus Bollman Pennsylvania 51 - 54 | 385 - 40 | 2.2-3.0 obtectus Bollman Indiana, Florida 50! = 55 18 30 1.8-2.2 varius Bollman California 0) is 5) 18 24 1.5-1.8 impressus Say Eastern U.S.A. 45 - 55 18 32 1.8-2.0 zonatus Bollman Washington HZ 159 25 40 2.0-2.5 diversifrons ! Wood Minnesota 42 - 51 | 238 2.0 ellipticus yh = Bollman Minnesota 47 28 - 30 | 2.3-2.5

By the above measurements Jasti is closest to the present day eastern Parajulus pennsylvanicus, but is given a name because of its locality and age.

BOTANIC,

GARDEN

BuLtetix, So. Cane. ACADEMY OF SCTENCES Vol. 44, Part 1, 1945

PLATE 1

Parajulus lasti Pierce, crystallized millipede from depth of 900 ft. in well at Oxnard, Cal., in basaltic lava, with crystallized quartz.

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VON WehOSSIES FROM THe UPPER MIOCENE Ol IUsUS, JAUIEIN INS JsvULICS

The two new specimens were found by Dr. Lore Rose David in Upper Puente shale of the Mohnian Horizon, Upper Miocene, at depth of 2105-2127 ft. in the Puente Hills, southeast of Puente, Los Angeles Co., California. They were given by her to Miss Jane Everest, who presented them to the Los Angeles County Museum of History, Science and Art.

Specifically, the location is 2649° N.- 2’ E. from the S. W. corner of Section 21 - 2 S -10 W, La Habra quadrangle, elevation 620, in Axis Co. well Rowland No. 1.

This is a light gray shale, and the first specimen is beauti- fully etched in Pinte lines, while the second specimen is such a faint impression that it is quite marvellous that it should have been detected.

The first wing is of the mayfly type, but more primitive than the modern mayflies, because of the complete absence of cross veins. It shows relationship to the Megasecoptera, but to keep the record clear a new ordinal name is proposed.

Order APHELOPHLEBIA, new order

An order of fossil insects in which there are no cross veins in the wings. The radius extends the entire length of the wing and has three apparent branches; medius has two long stems and a short intermediate branch; cubitus is entire; paracubitus is apparently branched.

Family APHELOPHLEBODIDAE, new family With the characters of the order.

Genus APHELOPHLEBODES, new genus

Name based on G¢ehds, simply, and dieBwdys, veined. The costal-subcostal region is not visible. Radius is slightly concave in the supposed subcostal region, thence almost straight to its apex in the wing margin. Near its apical fourth a short vein, interpreted as Radius 2 + 3 branches off and reaches the margin at the apex of the wing. At about the middle of Radius a longer vein, interpreted as Radius 4 branches off, and reaches the margin of the wing. Below this and just before its apical fourth a short little vein, interpreted as Radius 5) branches off and reaches margin of wing. The next vein is longer and looks as if it were also a branch of Radius from its basal fourth, but is interpreted as Medius 1. The next long vein arises at the base of the wing

BULLETIN, So. Catv. ACADEMY OF SCIENCES Vor 4, Part , L945

and is interpreted as Medius 3 + 4. Apically between these two is a fainter vein reaching the wing margin, and interpreted as Medius 2. Cubitus arises at base and extends to wing margin, parallel to Medius 3 + 4. Paracubitus is basally strong, but about midway to the wing margin seems to be branched, perhaps into a long branch and two shorter branches, which are indicated by typical whitening of the other veins.

APHELOPHLEBODES STOCKI, new species. (Plate 2)

Type of the genus; named in honor of Dr. Chester Stock, Professor of | aleontology of California Institute of Technology, Senior Curator of Earth Sciences at the Los Angeles County Mu- seum of History, Science and Art, anda Director of the Southern California Academy of Sciences. Type in Los Angeles Museum, under Accession No. A4709, Paleontology specimen S 9006.

PLATE 2

Aphelophlebodes stocki Pierce; impression of wing of fossil mayfly from oil well core, near Puente, Cal., at depth of 2105-2127 ft., in Upper Puente shale, Mohnian Horizon, Upper Miocene.

BULLETIN, So. CALIF. ACADEMY OF SCIENCES Vol. 44, Part 1, 1945

Length of impression 7 mm., greatest width 2.6 mm. The fossil consists of impressions of the veins, which are milky white, smooth texture, on a small square piece of shale.

The species description is that of the genus. The excellent photograph is by Mr. Peter Marry, Photographer of the Museum.

Order LEPIDOPTERA LINNAEUS Family HeprALtmar Stephens

Genus PROTOHEPIALUS, new genus

This genus is typically hepialid, because of the three basal cells formed by Radial Sector, Medius 2, Medius 3, and Cubitus 2 with the R-M, M-M, and M-Cu crossveins. These crossveins are very indistinctly shown by the photograph by Mr. Marry, but can be seen by other lighting. The genus differs from other Hepialidae by having Radius 1 and Subcosta united at base; by the faintness of Medius 1; the presence of an indication of Me- dius 4; the division of Cubitus 1 into two or possibly three veins.

PROTOHEPIALUS COMSTOCKI, new species. (Plates 3, 4)

Type of genus; named in honor of Dr. John Adams Com- stock, Head Curator of Science of the Los Angeles Museum of History, Science and Art, and Secretary-Treasurer, Editor of the Southern California Academy of Sciences. The holotype is a faint impression of a portion of a wing of a primitive hepialid moth, occupying a space about 5x5 mm. The sketch (Plate 4) interpreting the photograph gives the Author’s ideas of the vena- tion, which is typically hepialid.

Briefly the elements of venation discernible are: Subcosta and Radius united for some distance; Radial sector divided be- yond the cross veins into Radius 2 and 3; Radius 4 and 5 branch- ing from the first cell; Medius 1 indistinct between Radius 5 and Medius 2; Medius 2 and 3 almost parallel, forming with M-M cross vein the second cell; Medius 4 faint; Cubitus 1 divided into two, possibly three branches : Cubitus 2 forming with the M- Cu cross vein and Medius 3, the third cell.

BuLLetin, So. CAnir. ACADEMY OF SCIENCES Vol. 44, Part 1, 1945

PLATE. 3

Protohepialus comstocki Pierce; impression of wing of moth from oil weil core, near Puente, Calif., at depth of 2105-2127 ft., Upper Puente shale, Mohnian Upper Miocene

R2 R3

Cur PLATH 4 An interpretation of the venation of Protohepialus comstocki Pierce

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Zee nO SS WHIPTAIL SCORPION FROM CABRILLO BEACH In November, 1944, Mr. E. E. Hadley found a piece of shale lying on the Cabrillo Beach shore at San Pedro, California, which contained the crushed remains of a whiptail scorpion. The writer has seen only one other fossil in this group, from Mexican onyx, and knows of no fossil species having been described. The

specimen is too badly crushed to give any adequate description of the appendages, but deserves to be placed on record.

Order Peprparr Latreille Family THELIPHONIDAE Lucas Genus THELYPHONUs Latreille, sens. lat.

THELYPHONUS HADLEYI, new species. (Plate 5).

This species is dedicated to its finder, Mr. E. E. Hadley, a member of the Southern California Academy of Sciences and a

PLATE 5

Thelyphonus hadleyi Pierce; fossil whiptail scorpion from Middle Miocene Monterey shale found on shore at San Pedro, Calif.

BuLLeTIN, So. Canir. ACADEMY OF SCIENCES Vol. 44, Part 1, 1945

collaborator of the Los Angeles County Museum, working in Invertebrate Paleontology. It is recorded under Accession Num- ber A6, and in Paleontology records as S 9008.

The shale is probably of local origin, for a bank of diatoma- ceous shale above where it was found contains many rocks of this type imbedded at various levels. It is Middle Miocene, Monterey shale.

Total length 22 mm., cephalothorax 7x3 mm., abdomen 9x4 mm. Only a part of the tail is present, and the heavy chelicerae are so crushed that their character is indeterminate. The photo- graph by Mr. Marry gives better detail than a description can.

8 A CASE OF PLEISTOCENE MYIASIS VE ROMA aE EA BREA PITS (Plate 6)

In examining bone fragments of the giant fossil bird, Te- ratormis merriami, found in the La Brea Pits, Hancock Park, Los Angeles, Dr. Hildegarde Howard found a piece of the prox- imal end of a humerus which contained 8 puparia of a blow fly. The exact site of this find was pit 3, at depth of 21% feet. The period of the material in these pits is Pleistocene.

A reconstruction of the story is probably thus: One of these giant birds alighted on an animal caught in the tar, and began to feed upon it. In the process, it also became caught in the tar and fell prey to a predatory animal, such as the sabretooth tiger. This animal crushed the bones, exposing them to the blowing by flies. Undoubtedly the tiger was caught also. Blowfly attack occurs within the first two or three days after death, and one can assume about 15 days for the fly larvae to develop, pupate and mature. Some of them had matured, others were caught when the bone finally became submerged in the tar. This constitutes the first dipterous evidence from the tar pits.

Order Diptera Linnaeus Family Merropripar Curran Genus PrRoTOCHRYSOMYIA, new genus

PROTOCHRYSOMYIA HOWARDAE, New Species

Named in honor of Dr. Hildegarde Howard, Curator of Avian Paleontology of the Los Angeles County Museum and a member of the Southern California Academy of Sciences. Re- corded by the Museum as S 9009 in bone fragment B2309.

Fly puparia, reddish brown in color, 8x3 mm., convex

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throughout except that there is a slight flattening at the cephalic end, and a distinct depression of the spiracular area. The spiracles are of the same type as those of the Calliphorinae, Phormuia regi- na, and Cochliomyia macellaria but more widely separated, plac- ing the species in that group. Entire surface transversely pitted. The anterior end shows four slight tubercles, but 1s otherwise not distinctive. The emergence opening is by a longitudinal slit, and a transverse slit to form a T with the other. The anal tubercular area is definitely depressed with a deep transverse depression below the spiracles; the area is surrounded by a rounded rim on which are 6 dorsal, 2 lateral and 4 ventral little tubercles. With- in this are the two spiracular plates with three straight slits each, directed at a point beyond the line between the ventral edges of the plates; without buttons, the lower margin open. These plates are separated by a distance of 12 as compared with a width of 15 for the plates. There are two strong anal tubercles, bluntly pointed and directed slightly outward.

In our modern flies the sarcophagine flies are separated from the calliphorine flies by having the spiracles in a pit, but with the slits directed outward instead of inward as occurs in this species. So little good work has been done in describing the puparia of modern flies that the writer feels justified in recording this species with a new name.

PLATE 6 Puparia of Protochrysomyia howardae Pierce in a bone fragment of the giant bird, Teratornis merriami, from La Brea Pits, Los Angeles, Pleistocene tar deposit

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Vol. 44, Part 1, 1945

BULLETIN, So. Cativ. ACADEMY OF SCIENCES

CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE LOS ANGELES MUSEUM CHANNEL ISLANDS BIOLOGICAL SURVEY

29. ROBBER FLIES (DIPTERA, ASILIDAE)

By J. WILCOX, U. S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Administration, Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine, and C. H. MARTIN, California Agricultural Experiment Station

Only five species of robber flies have been taken on the Channel Islands, and only one of these can be associated with previously described species from the mainland. The types of the new species are in the Los Angeles County Museum.

1. Stenopogon neojubatus, n. sp. (figs. 2a and 2b)

Mare: Length 16 mm. Head black; face and lower occiput grayish pollinose, front golden-brown pollinose; upper occiput golden pollinose. Mystax and hairs and bristles of front and upper occiput black; beard and hairs of palpi and proboscis white; lateral bristles on upper occiput yellowish. Antennae black; first joint slightly longer than second, the third 1 1/3 times the length of the first two joints together; style %4 the length of the third joint; first two joints yellowish haired.

Thorax and scutellum black and densely golden-brown pol- linose. Bristles and hairs largely black; some of the lateral bristles yellow; hairs on humeri and on sides of mesonotum white. Scutellum with about 10 strong, black marginal bristles. Neck with yellowish hairs and bristles; propleura yellowish haired; mesopleura white haired.

Abdomen black, densely yellowish-gray pollinose ; segments 2-6 with shining spots on each side anteriorly. Hairs yellowish white, the bristly hairs on the sides and narrow posterior margin of the first segment black or brownish. Genitalia reddish, white haired,

Coxae black, golden-brown pollinose, with long brownish bristles and white hairs which are especially dense on the fore coxae. Legs reddish; femora dorsally and anteriorly and tibiae dorsally, except basal 144, brownish black; tarsi similar to tibiae, the outer joints mostly reddish. Femora white haired, the bristles light to dark brownish; hairs of tibiae and tarsi golden, the bristles largely light brown. Claws black, reddish basally, pulvilli light brown.

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Halteres and alulae yellowish, the latter with a fringe of long white hairs. Wings brown, slightly denser along the veins; anal and axillary cells and axillary lobe milky white. Anterior cross vein at about 3g the length of the discal cell; first and fourth posterior cells slightly narrowed; the anterior branch of the third vein with a short stump of a vein basally.

FEMALE: Length 18 mm. Similar to male except about hali of mystax light brownish instead of black, hairs of front brown, bristles of occiput yellowish. Bristles on sides of mesonotum and scutellar bristles yellowish. Abdominal hairs wholly yellowish; abdomen grayish pollinose except for small lateral shining spots on segments 3-6; ovipositor reddish. Coxae and legs with yellow- ish bristles. Wings lighter brown, more contrast between the veins and cells; axillary cell and lobe whitish but not so prominent as in the male.

Holotype: Male, Santa Rosa Island, Calif., VIII-5, 739. Allotype: Female, same data, VII-8 ’39.

Paratypes: 3 males and 3 females, same data, from VII-8 to Vill-9 739) and 2 males and 1 female, Santa Barbara Island, Calif., VII-8 739.

This species belongs in the group with black mystax associ- ated with jwbatus Coquillett and differs from all the closely re- lated species by having the femora reddish posteriorly and ven- trally. The stump of a vein on the anterior branch of the third vein near its origin is present in both wings of all but one speci- men; this stump is not present in any other Stenopogon known to the writers.

2. Cophura hennei, n. sp. (figs. 3a and 3b).

Mare: Length 9 mm. Head black; face, front, and occiput densely whitish pollinose. Mystax dense, white, nearly reaching to antennae and with a row of yellowish bristles on oral margin. Hairs white; occipital bristles yellowish; ocellar tubercle with a pair of long brownish bristles. Antennae black; first two joints about as broad as long, the third gradually narrowing apically and 1% times the length of the first two joints together; style % the length of the third joint; first two joints white haired and each with a strong yellowish bristle below. ;

Mesonotum black, densely grayish pollinose; central stripe and lateral spots brown and anterior third of central stripe dark brown and bisected by a light brownish line. Humeral hairs white,

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remainder yellowish ; bristles yellowish patente 2 presutural, 1 postalar, 1 supra-alar, and 2 anterior and 2 posterior dorsocen- tral. .Scutellum densely ae gray pollinose, with a central longitudinal shining black spot; sparse hairs yellowish; 3 long brownish marginal bristles.

Abdomen shining black; sides of all segments, apical oblique band on segments 2-6, and anterior margins of segments 1-4; grayish pollinose. On segments 2-4 the posterior pollinose bands extend obliquely forward and meet the anterior band narrowly at the middle so that the black portion consists of a narrow tri- angular posterior spot and a triangular spot on each side. The anterior pollinose bands do not connect with the lateral pollinose margins on segments 3-4. Hairs white, longer on sides of seg- ments 1-3; first segment with 3-4 lateral yellowish bristles. Gen- italia small, reddish, dorsally grayish pollinose; hairs yellowish.

Coxae black, densely yellowish- -gray pollinose, white haired. Trochanters and narrow base of femora shining reddish, yellow- ish haired. Femora black, densely yellowish-gray pollinose ex- cept basal posterior half Of hind ones, which is shining black. Tibiae reddish except the apical fourth and the fore and middle ones, which are anteriorly brownish. Tarsi black; pulvilli light brown; claws black but narrowly reddish at base. Hairs white; bristles yellowish.

Halteres and alulae yellowish. Wings with a brownish tinge, slightly intensified at the cross veins and ‘furcations. All posterior

alls widely open; anal cell narrowly closed at margin. Anterior ross vein at 4/5 the length of discal cell; third vein branched slie! itly beyond discal cross vein.

FEMALE: Length 8 mm. Differs from male as follows: Hairs of face shorter and sparser (about as long as first 2 anten- nal joints, in male twice as long). Scutellum wholly pollinose and with only a pair of marginal bristles. Abdomen almost wholly yellowish-gray pollinose, the broad posterior margin of first seg- ment, the narrow posterior margins of segments 2-7, segment 8 entirely , and small lateral spots on segments 2-4, shining black. Wings nearly hyaline and but slightly brownish on cross veins and furcations.

Holotype: Male, San Nicolas Island, Calif., XI-27 40 (C. Henne).

Allotype: Female, same data, XII-8 ’40. Paratypes: 1 male and 25 females, same data as types.

Probably most closely related to trunca Coquillett and high- landica Cole, but in these species the mystax is composed en- tirely of sparse bristles, the anterior branch of the third vein bears a stump of a vein, and the anal cell is open.

Named in honor of the collector, Christopher Henne.

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3. Erax anacapai, n. sp. (figs. 4a, 4b, and 4c)

Mare: Length 21 mm. Head black, yellowish-gray polli- nose. Mystax composed of long, slender, black bristles with white hairs intermixed. Palpi and proboscis black; palpi with black and white hairs; proboscis white haired. Beard white; occipital bristles largely black with some white hairs intermixed; front black haired with a few white hairs anteriorly; ocellar tubercle black haired with a cluster of 4-6 erect black hairs on each side. Antenna black; first and third joints subequal in length and twice the length of the second; style twice the length of the third joint; first two joints white haired.

Mesonotum golden-brown pollinose and black haired with some white hairs on the lateral and posterior margins. Bristles black, 2 presutural, 2 supraalar, 2 postalar, and about 3 finer posterior dorsocentral. Scutellum golden pollinose, with about 16 black marginal bristles and with a dense clump of white hairs on each side apically. Pleura grayish golden pollinose and white haired, with a few black hairs on mesopleura; hypopleural and neck bristles yellowish white.

Abdomen black; segments 1-3 and 8 golden-gray pollinose; segments 4-7 silvery pollinose; segments 2-7 with ‘a silvery sheen at certain angles. Segments 2-7 with white parted hairs, especially long on segments 2-3 and decreasing in length from segments 4-7; first segment white haired on the sides but black haired at the middle; lateral bristles yellowish. Venter grayish pollinose and white haired. Genitalia black; lower forceps brownish ; hairs white except a few dorsally and ventrally and at the apex ventrally, which are black; genitalia as long as segments 4-8 together.

Coxae black; golden-pollinose, and with rather dense white hairs and yellowish bristles. Trochanters reddish. Femora black, the tips reddish; hairs white; bristles black; only a few minute bristles at apex of fore femora. Tibiae and tarsi reddish brown; hairs white; bristles black; fore tibiae posteriorly with a fringe of long white hairs and anteriorly with golden pile. Claws black, narrowly reddish at base; pulvilli brown. :

Halteres and alulae yellowish brown; the latter with a dense fringe of white hairs. Wings hyaline; veins brown; anterior cross vein at 13/24 length of discal cell; three submarginal cells.

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FemMALE: Length 24 mm. (including ovipositor, which is 7mm. long). Similar to male except that the abdomen is grayish- golden pollinose; hairs short, sparse, on segments 2-4 largely white but some black hairs mostly on dorsum; segments 5-7 black-haired with scattered white hairs laterally; first segment as in male except lateral bristles, which are largely black; ovipositor as long as segments 4-7 together. Fore tibiae posteriorly with only sparse white hairs,

Holotype. Male, Anacapa Island, Calif., VIII-18 °40 (C.

Henne ), Allotype: Female, same data, VIII-23 ’40.

Paratypes: 1 male and 1 female, same data as allotype; 1 male, Santa Barbara Island, Calif., VII-9 ’39; and 1 male and 1 female, Santa Rosa Island, Calif., VII-8 739.

This species belongs in Hine’s anomalus group (Ann, Ent. Soc. Amer, XII: 119-120, 1919) and is most closely related to anomalus Belliardi. It differs from anomalus in the color of the mystax, the hairs of the scutellum, and the color of the legs. In anomalus males the long white hairs of abdomen begin on the apical third of the second segment and continue to the sixth seg- ment, and in the females the ovipositor is only as long as segments 5-7 together.

4. Erax clementei, n. sp. (figs. 5a, 5b, and 5c)

Mares: Length 18 mm. Head black; face and front yellow- ish-gray pollinose; occiput gray pollinose. Mystax black with finer white hairs intermixed; palpi largely black haired ; proboscis white haired; beard white, front largely black haired; ocellar tu- bercle black haired with long erect tufts on each side; occipital bristles largely black. Antennae black; apex of first and second joints brownish; first joint twice as long as second, third joint slightly longer than first; style twice as long as third joint; first two joints with short white hairs, the first with some longer black hairs and on one side a black bristle below.

Mesonotum black, yellowish-gray pollinose; central stripe and lateral spots brownish. Hairs black, but all margins, includ- ing humeri, with some white hairs. Bristles black, 2 presutural, 2 supra-alar, 2 postalar, and about 3 anterior and 3-4 posterior finer dorsocentrals. Scutellum grayish pollinose; 12 black mar- ginal bristles; dense clumps of white hairs on each side of disk apically. Pleura yellowish-gray pollinose; hairs white except a few on mesopleura and sternopleura, which are black; hypo- pleural and neck bristles yellowish.

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Abdomen black; segments 1-2 and 8 yellowish-gray polli- nose; segments 3-7 silvery pollinose; segments 2-7 with white hair parted at middle, longest on segments 2-3, slightly shorter on segments 4-6, and very short on segment 7; segments 1 and 8 white haired, the first with a few black hairs posteriorly and slender lateral bristles largely yellowish. Venter yellowish-gray pollinose and sparsely white haired; eighth sternite very small. Genitalia black, largely white haired; a few black hairs dorsally, and the ventral fringe and ventral apical clump largely brownish; genitalia nearly as long as segments 4-8 together.

Coxae yellowish-gray pollinose with dense white hairs and slender yellowish bristles. Femora black, the apex reddish; large- ly white haired but with scattered black hairs above and a row of fine black hairs below; bristles black; only a few on fore and middle femora. Tibiae and tarsi reddish, the tibiae blackish an- teriorly ; hairs largely white but with scattered black hairs and a posterior fringe on fore tibiae; bristles black; claws black, nar- rowly reddish at base; pulvilli light brown.

Halteres and alulae brown, the latter with a dense white fringe. Wings hyaline; veins brown; anterior cross vein at 6/11 length of discal cell; third vein forked at about 3/5 distance be- tween anterior and discal cross veins,

Fremarte: Length 19 mm, (including ovipositor, which is 5 mm. long). Hairs on first 2 antennal joints white. Three of the 11 scutellar bristles yellowish. Abdomen grayish-yellow pollinose and sparsely haired; the hairs largely white but some black hairs on dorsum which increase in extent on the apical segments. Ovi- positor as long as segments 4-7 together. Fore and middle femora almost wholly white haired; fore tibiae with scattered black hairs posteriorly,

Holotype: Male, San Clemente Island, Calif., [V-4 739. Allotype: Female, same data.

Paratypes: Three females, same data.

This species belongs in Hine’s stamineus group (Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer. XII: 139-153, 1919) and is most closely related to canus Hine, coquillettii Hine, and pilosus Hine, differing in the color of the mystax and in the clumps of hairs on the scutellum. From californicus Schaeffer and inflatus Hine, which normally have the mystax black, the scutellar clumps will readily sep- arate it.

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eal

Asilus comosus Hine (fig. 1).

Asilus comosus Hine, Ohio Jr. Sci. XVIIT: 319-320, 1918.

This species was described from 3 female specimens collected in Monterey County, Calif., VII—5, 96 (W. M.Wheeler),and has not been reported since. In the California Academy of Sciences, however, there is a good series of specimens taken at Carmel and San Francisco from April to June. The species is closely related to californicus Hine, and the males have the upper forceps of the genitalia cleft apically.

Two male specimens were taken as follows: Santa Cruz Is-

land, Calif., III-26 ’41, oak, 1941-4704; and V-23 °41, Comaros- taphylis diversifolius, 1941-4569 (C. Henne).

EXPLANATION OF FIGURES

PLATE 7

Fig. 1. Asilus comosus Hine, lateral view of male genitalia,

Fig. 2a. Stenopogon neojubatus, new species, lateral view of male genitalia.

Fig. 2b. Same, ventral view of male genitalia.

Fig. 3a. Cophura hennei, new species, dorsal view of female abdomen. Fig. 3b. Same, dorsal view of male abdomen.

Fig. 4a. Hrar anacapai, new species, lateral view of male genitalia. Fig. 4b. Same, dorsal view of male genitalia.

Fig. 4c. Same, lateral view of female ovipositor.

Fig. 5a. Hrax clementei, new species, lateral view of male genitalia. Fig. 5b. Same, dorsal view of genitalia.

Fig. 5c. Same, lateral view of female ovipositor.

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PLATE 7

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BULLETIN, So. CALIF. ACADEMY OF SCIENCES

Vol. 44, Part 1, 1945

THE HABITAT OF CALIFORNIA CONE-NOSED BUGS, Triatoma protracta (UHLER), NATURALLY INFECT- ED WITH Trypanosoma cruzi CHAGAS

By Suerwin F. Woop

Lieutenant H(S), U.S.N.R.

In December, 1943, five miles southwest of Fallbrook, San Diego Co., Calif., the writer had the opportunity to note the struc- ture of a wood rat house and the distribution therein of cone- nosed bugs, Triatoma protracta Uhler, the vectors of Chagas’ disease. Twenty-nine bugs were collected from this house, in- cluding 27 (3 ¢,4 9,9 large; 5 medium, and 6 small nymphs) in- fected with Trypanosoma cruzi. The two negative bugs were small nymphs,

This wood rat house (Plate 8) was typical of the brush pile type found in this region. It consisted principally of twigs and

PLATE 8

sticks systematically piled upon several large rocks. This cover of sticks protected the inner areas, housing two bowl-like grass nests. The house was built near the base of a large, sprawling Laurel Sumac, Rhus laurina Nutt., which effectively concealed most of the structure. This shrub was approximately 8 feet high and 20 feet across, with many large recumbent stems radiating out from its base. It was on a hillside near the bottom of a small

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dry side canyon which lead into a larger canyon with a permanent stream,

On examining the rat house for Triatoma, approximately three bushels of small sticks and twigs were removed from one side, revealing the cross-sectional view depicted. Grass nests were found in two locations, X and Y. Apparently, most of the bugs were hiding near the more recently built nest, X, on top of the large middle rock. Some of the small nymphs were found in the fine grass of nest X. The larger nymphs and adults were shaken down from the dry twigs and sticks in the immediate vicinity of nest X. A few bugs were collected from the vicinity of the older nest, Y. At Z there was a saucer-shaped area lined with shredded grass.

BIBLIOGRAPHY Wood, S. F., 1944. An additional California locality for

Trypanosoma cruzi Chagas in the western cone-nosed bug. Triatoma protracta (Uhler). Jour. Parasitol. 30 (3): 199.

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Vol. 44, Part 1, 1945

NOTES ON THE EARLY STAGES OF NEMORIA DELICATARIA DYAR (Lepidoptera)

By Joun ADAMS COMSTOCK

In the January-April issue of the Bulletin for 1940, Vol. 39, pp. 78-80, the author, in association with Christopher Henne, described and figured the egg, larva and pupa of a species of green Geometrid moth which we identified as Nemoria pistaciaria Packard. It has since been determined that the species was Nemonia punctulana B. & McD.

Mr. Carl W. Kirkwood of Summerland, California, sent me a number of young larvae which he secured in December, 1944, feeding on Toyon (Photinia arbutifolia Lindl.) These closely re- sembled the larvae of N. punctularia, but the foodplant suggested the possibility of its being seme other closely related species.

Two examples were reared to maturity and photographic records made of the mature larva and pupa. The imagos emerged x Feb. 15 and Feb. 23, 1945, and proved

XN to be Nemoria delicataria Dyar.

The following incomplete notes were made:

MaTureE LARVA. Length, 19 mm.

Body; ground color, light tan, with areas of russet brown on the prominent protrusions. The entire larva is covered with minute cream colored spicules which give it’ an encrusted appearance. The first segment bears four nodules on its anterior portion placed dorsally and in line. Two of these, which are closest to the mid-dorsal line are russet brown. The posterior portion of this segment bears two more warty tubercles close to the mid-dorsal line. The second segment carries a large irregular warty promi- nence, dorso-laterally placed. An equiv-

alent tubercle on the third segment is Larva of Nemoria delicat- very much reduced in size. The tubercle aria, enlarged X approx.3%. ee 5 5 Photo icourtesy L.A) Co, Of the fourth serment icslansemand sin Museum. clines anteriorly and laterally.

PLATE 9

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On the fifth, sixth and seventh segments the dorso-lateral tubercles are flange-like, and very prominent. On the eighth segment the flange is much reduced and less spiculated along the edges. There is a single small warty tubercle on the mid-dorsal line. The ninth segment is free of tubercles and flanges. The tenth segment has a pair of tall conical tubercles, one each side of the mid-dorsal line. They rise superiorly and do not incline anteriorly.

The spiracles, except for the first, second and last, are mi- nute, and almost impossible to distinguish. They are light tan, with brown circlets.

Legs, concolorous with body except for a slight pinkish tinge. The single pair of prolegs, and anal prolegs are edged with dull pink. Crochets, light brown.

The abdominal surface of the larva is slightly lighter in color than the dorsum.

Head, concolorous with body, and covered by the same char- acter of incrustation. Mouth parts, slightly lighter. Ocelli, light brown.

The larva has the habit of quivering or jerking its body when disturbed or when moving about,

Pupation occurs on the foodplant. A delicate fragile cocoon is formed, on the outer surface of which small fragments of the leaf are incorporated.

Pura. Length, 13 mm.

The shape is very similar to that of punctularia, and the color a very light brown, mottled with rather indistinct irreg- ular brown dots. The surface is finely gran- ular, and there are no setae arising from it.

The cremaster bears eight short re- curved hooklets of a glistening bright red- PLATE 10 brown.

mate ee ecg Cue Shortly before emergence the wing faniety Ba ~ cases assume a greenish black shade. Photo courtesy L. A. Co.

MESS Gin: The mature larva is illustrated on Plate

9, and the pupa on Plate 10, :

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NOTES ON PACIFIC COAST MARINE ALGAE, II By E. YALE DAwson

Setchell and Gardner, 1920, p. 175, remarked on a flattened Codium from La Jolla distributed in Phycotheca Boreali-Amert- cana under the name Codium Lindenbergu. At that time they referred the specimens to Codium tomentosum with the follow- ing statement: “We are not satisfied in referring the plant of Southern California to C. tomentosum and feel that it is probably an undescribed species. More experience with the living plant is needed, however, satisfactorily to determine its exact status.”

In December of 1944 a great many specimens of this flat- tened Codiwm were found cast ashore at La Jolla. --Additional material was also found on the shore of Todos Santos Bay near Punta Banda, Baja California, and it is now possible to identify the species with some assurance. The specimens are undoubtedly of Codium simulans, described from San Marcos Island in the Gulf of California (Setchell & Gardner, 1924, p. 706) and since found to be a common species in that region (Dawson, 1944, p. 206). The illustration of the type of C. simulans is an almost exact match for dried specimens from La Jolla and Punta Banda. The characters of the utricles, moreover, do not disagree with those of Gulf of California material.

Our knowledge of the Codia of the Gulf of California is really very limited (Dawson, 1944) for specimens from that re- gion have not been preserved except in the dry state, and we do not know how flat or how nearly cylindrical some of the specimens were in nature. Codium simulans and C. cuneatum are surely flattened species, but the relative flatness of such plants as were named C. amplivesiculatum and C. longiramosum can only be guessed from the dried samples. Comparison of dried specimens of C. simulans from La Jolla with the illustrations of the latter two entities suggests that they are truly flattened. It is of further interest that some La Jolla specimens of C. simulans have an aspect intermediate between C. amplivesiculatum and C. longira- mosum. The author has already voiced suspicion (opus. cit.) that these “species” may be growth forms of the common and variable C. simulans, but their exceedingly large utricles present a definite problem which must be studied with the aid of much more material before further enlightenment will be forthcoming.

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CopIuM PALMERI Sp. nov. Figs. 1-4

Thallus e disco parvo spongioso ad 40 cm. altus, parte inferna stipitata cylindrica, 3-5 mm. diam., 2-3 cm. longa, plus minusve ramosa subinde in lobos latos, 2-3-chotome partitos, apice ro- tundatos abeunte; lobis 2-3 mm. crassis ad 5 cm. vel ultra latis; utriculis pro more 400-500 p» longis, 65-160 p latis, ratione varia dimorphicis, gracilioribus 65-90 latis quam utriculis 140-160 u latis multo magis obviis, saepius (statu juvenili praesertim) sub apice rotundata constrictis, adultis pilis 4-6 deciduis aut ipsorum basibus verticillatim sub constrictione positis ornatis ; membrana pro more apice incrassata ad 25 »; gametangiis in parte utriculi inferna, fusiformibus, 220 » longis, 60-70 » diam. membrana gracill.

>

Thallus arising from a small, spongy disc, up to 40 cm, high, the lower, stipitate portion cylindrical, 3-5 mm. diam., 2-3 cm. long, more or less branched and abruptly flattened into broad, di-trichotomously branched lobes rounded at the apices; lobes 2-3 mm, thick and up to 5 cm, or more wide; utricles mostly 450-500 » long, and generally 65-160 » broad, exhibiting more or less prominent dimorphism, the more slender utricles, 65-90 p broad, much more abundant than those 140-160 » broad, often, especially in young utricles, with a constriction just below the rounded apex, at maturity with a whorl of 4-6 deciduous hairs or their peg-like bases just below the constriction; membrane